# # IDN Reference table for Thai language # # Language: Thai (th) # Version: 4.0 # Effective Date: 2025-10-31 # # Registry: Tucows Registry Services # Contact: ry-services@tucows.com # Website: https://tucowsregistry.com/ # Relevant Policy Document URL: https://tucowsregistry.com/idn-policies/ # # Code points requiring context rules # # Code point Description of rule/Reference # # U+002D Label must neither start nor end with U+002D. Label # HYPHEN-MINUS must not have U+002D in both third and fourth # position. RFC 5891 (sec 4.2.3.1) # # 0E50..0E59 Must not be combined with (EUROPEAN) DIGITS. # THAI DIGITS # # 0030..0039 Must not be combined with THAI DIGITS. # (EUROPEAN) DIGITS # # # Thai specific context rules # # precedes-consonant A leading-vowel must precede a consonant # follows-consonant A below-vowel, above-vowel, below-diacritic, or above-diacritic MAITAIKHU must follow a consonant # between-consonant-and-ct A vowel MAIHAN AKAT must be in between a consonant and either tone or consonant # follow-consonant-tone-sara-aa A vowel SARA A can follow a consonant, a tone or a vowel SARA AA # follows-consonant-tone A vowel SARA AA, or an above diacritic NIKHAHIT followed by a vowel SARA AA can follow a consonant or a tone # follows-consonant-av-bv A tone mark, THANTHAKHAT, NIKHAHIT can only follow a consonant, above-vowel or below-vowel # follows-any-precedes-end An abbreviation mark, PAIYANNOI cannot be at the beginning of the label and must end it # follows-any-precedes-rep-cons-lv-end A repetition mark, MAIYAMOK can precede a repetition mark, an independent vowel, or end of label; it cannot start a label # # Character classes (e.g., consonant, leading-vowel, below-vowel) defined in: # https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/packages/lgr/lgr-second-level-thai-language-18may21-en.html # # The character sequence U+0E4D U+0E32 (above diacritic NIKHAHIT followed by a vowel # SARA AA) is considered an independent code point; this in order to implement the # context rule "follows-consonant-tone". In this way, this character sequence is # consider an exception to the context rule "follows-consonant-av-bv". # U+002D # HYPHEN-MINUS (-) U+0030;U+0E50 # DIGIT ZERO (0;๐) U+0031;U+0E51 # DIGIT ONE (1;๑) U+0032;U+0E52 # DIGIT TWO (2;๒) U+0033;U+0E53 # DIGIT THREE (3;๓) U+0034;U+0E54 # DIGIT FOUR (4;๔) U+0035;U+0E55 # DIGIT FIVE (5;๕) U+0036;U+0E56 # DIGIT SIX (6;๖) U+0037;U+0E57 # DIGIT SEVEN (7;๗) U+0038;U+0E58 # DIGIT EIGHT (8;๘) U+0039;U+0E59 # DIGIT NINE (9;๙) U+0E01 # THAI CHARACTER KO KAI (ก) U+0E02 # THAI CHARACTER KHO KHAI (ข) U+0E03 # THAI CHARACTER KHO KHUAT (ฃ) U+0E04 # THAI CHARACTER KHO KHWAI (ค) U+0E05 # THAI CHARACTER KHO KHON (ฅ) U+0E06 # THAI CHARACTER KHO RAKHANG (ฆ) U+0E07 # THAI CHARACTER NGO NGU (ง) U+0E08 # THAI CHARACTER CHO CHAN (จ) U+0E09 # THAI CHARACTER CHO CHING (ฉ) U+0E0A # THAI CHARACTER CHO CHANG (ช) U+0E0B # THAI CHARACTER SO SO (ซ) U+0E0C # THAI CHARACTER CHO CHOE (ฌ) U+0E0D # THAI CHARACTER YO YING (ญ) U+0E0E # THAI CHARACTER DO CHADA (ฎ) U+0E0F # THAI CHARACTER TO PATAK (ฏ) U+0E10 # THAI CHARACTER THO THAN (ฐ) U+0E11 # THAI CHARACTER THO NANGMONTHO (ฑ) U+0E12 # THAI CHARACTER THO PHUTHAO (ฒ) U+0E13 # THAI CHARACTER NO NEN (ณ) U+0E14 # THAI CHARACTER DO DEK (ด) U+0E15 # THAI CHARACTER TO TAO (ต) U+0E16 # THAI CHARACTER THO THUNG (ถ) U+0E17 # THAI CHARACTER THO THAHAN (ท) U+0E18 # THAI CHARACTER THO THONG (ธ) U+0E19 # THAI CHARACTER NO NU (น) U+0E1A # THAI CHARACTER BO BAIMAI (บ) U+0E1B # THAI CHARACTER PO PLA (ป) U+0E1C # THAI CHARACTER PHO PHUNG (ผ) U+0E1D # THAI CHARACTER FO FA (ฝ) U+0E1E # THAI CHARACTER PHO PHAN (พ) U+0E1F # THAI CHARACTER FO FAN (ฟ) U+0E20 # THAI CHARACTER PHO SAMPHAO (ภ) U+0E21 # THAI CHARACTER MO MA (ม) U+0E22 # THAI CHARACTER YO YAK (ย) U+0E23 # THAI CHARACTER RO RUA (ร) U+0E24;;U+0E24 U+0E45 # THAI CHARACTER RU (ฤ;;ฤๅ) U+0E25 # THAI CHARACTER LO LING (ล) U+0E26;;U+0E26 U+0E45 # THAI CHARACTER LU (ฦ;;ฦๅ) U+0E27 # THAI CHARACTER WO WAEN (ว) U+0E28 # THAI CHARACTER SO SALA (ศ) U+0E29 # THAI CHARACTER SO RUSI (ษ) U+0E2A # THAI CHARACTER SO SUA (ส) U+0E2B # THAI CHARACTER HO HIP (ห) U+0E2C # THAI CHARACTER LO CHULA (ฬ) U+0E2D # THAI CHARACTER O ANG (อ) U+0E2E # THAI CHARACTER HO NOKHUK (ฮ) U+0E2F;;U+0E2F U+0E25 U+0E2F # THAI CHARACTER PAIYANNOI (ฯ;;ฯลฯ) U+0E30 # THAI CHARACTER SARA A (ะ) U+0E31 # THAI CHARACTER MAI HAN-AKAT (ั) U+0E32 # THAI CHARACTER SARA AA (า) U+0E34 # THAI CHARACTER SARA I (ิ) U+0E35 # THAI CHARACTER SARA II (ี) U+0E36 # THAI CHARACTER SARA UE (ึ) U+0E37 # THAI CHARACTER SARA UEE (ื) U+0E38 # THAI CHARACTER SARA U (ุ) U+0E39 # THAI CHARACTER SARA UU (ู) U+0E3A # THAI CHARACTER PHINTHU (ฺ) U+0E40 # THAI CHARACTER SARA E (เ) U+0E41 # THAI CHARACTER SARA AE (แ) U+0E42 # THAI CHARACTER SARA O (โ) U+0E43 # THAI CHARACTER SARA AI MAIMUAN (ใ) U+0E44 # THAI CHARACTER SARA AI MAIMALAI (ไ) U+0E46 # THAI CHARACTER MAIYAMOK (ๆ) U+0E47 # THAI CHARACTER MAITAIKHU (็) U+0E48 # THAI CHARACTER MAI EK (่) U+0E49 # THAI CHARACTER MAI THO (้) U+0E4A # THAI CHARACTER MAI TRI (๊) U+0E4B # THAI CHARACTER MAI CHATTAWA (๋) U+0E4C # THAI CHARACTER THANTHAKHAT (์) U+0E4D;;U+0E4D U+0E32 # THAI CHARACTER NIKHAHIT (ํ;; ํา) U+0E50;U+0030 # THAI DIGIT ZERO (๐;0) U+0E51;U+0031 # THAI DIGIT ONE (๑;1) U+0E52;U+0032 # THAI DIGIT TWO (๒;2) U+0E53;U+0033 # THAI DIGIT THREE (๓;3) U+0E54;U+0034 # THAI DIGIT FOUR (๔;4) U+0E55;U+0035 # THAI DIGIT FIVE (๕;5) U+0E56;U+0036 # THAI DIGIT SIX (๖;6) U+0E57;U+0037 # THAI DIGIT SEVEN (๗;7) U+0E58;U+0038 # THAI DIGIT EIGHT (๘;8) U+0E59;U+0039 # THAI DIGIT NINE (๙;9)