Devanagari

Devanagari (script, RSP full variant set)

Second-Level Reference Label Generation Rules, 25 October 2024 Current

Download lgr-second-level-devanagari-rsp-full-variant-script-25oct24-en.xml (147.3kb)

Summary

Version2 — Second Level Reference LGR
Date
Tag und-Deva (Devanagari)
Unicode11.0.0
Source filelgr-second-level-devanagari-rsp-full-variant-script-25oct24-en.xml (147.3kb)

This ruleset is integrated into the Common (integrated set) ruleset of this release.

Description

Label Generation Rules for the Devanagari Script

Overview

This document specifies a set of Label Generation Rules (LGR) for the Devanagari script for the second level domain or domains identified above. This LGR contains the full set of cross-script variants required for use with the following scripts: Bengali and Gurmukhi. The starting point for the development of this LGR can be found in the related Root Zone LGR [RZ-LGR-Deva]. The format of this file follows [RFC 7940]. This LGR is adapted from the “Reference LGR for the Second Level for the Devanagari Script” [Ref-LGR-und-Deva], for details, see Change History below.

For details and additional background on the Devanagari script, see “Proposal for a Devanagari Script Root Zone Label Generation Rule-Set (LGR)” [Proposal-Devanagari].

Repertoire

The repertoire contains 83 code points for letters in addition to 29 sequences. The two sequences U+0931 U+094D U+092F and U+0931 U+094D U+0939 limit the character U+0931 DEVANAGARI LETTER RRA in its own specific context beyond which it does not stand by itself. Accordingly, while U+0931 is not listed by itself, it brings the total of code points available for letters to 84.

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A number of other sequences have been defined in connection with the definition of variants (see “Variants” below).

The repertoire includes code points used by languages written in Devanagari that fall within levels 1 to 4 on the [EGIDS] scale. Boro, Braj, Dhundari, Mundari, Kharia are additionally covered. Though listed as level 4 on the EGIDS scale, Saraiki is not covered, because the Devanagari script is “no longer in use” by the Saraiki community. A non-exhaustive list of languages using each code point can be found in the comments.

The repertoire is a subset of [Unicode 11.0.0]. For details, see Section 5, “Repertoire” in [Proposal-Devanagari]. (The proposal cited has been adopted for the Devanagari script portion of the Root Zone LGR.)

For the second level, the repertoire has been augmented with the HYPHEN-MINUS, and two sets of decimal digits:

  • European (common) digits
  • Devanagari digits

for a total of 133 repertoire elements.

Any code points outside the Devanagari Script repertoire that are targets for out-of-repertoire variants would be included here only if the variant is listed in this file. In this case they are identified as a reflexive (identity) variant of type “out-of-repertoire-var”. Whether or not they are listed, they do not form part of the repertoire.

Repertoire Listing: Each code point or range is tagged with the script or scripts with which the code point is used and one or more other character categories. For each repertoire element, one or more references document sufficient justification for inclusion in the repertoire; see the “References” below. For code points that are part of the repertoire, comments identify the languages using the code point along with their [EGIDS] level. Additional information, such as an alternate name, is given for some code points.

Variants

Unlike other LGRs for this script, which only incude the variant definitions needed when used as standalone in their zone, this LGR contains the full set of variants needed for zones shared by more than one script. Where appropriate, cross-script variants have been defined to mutually exclude labels from different scripts that could otherwise be substituted by the users. To meet the requirement for variant transitivity, additional in-script variants may be defined as needed. Once a label has been delegated for one script, any of its variant labels consisting entirely of cross-script variants would be blocked. Any label containing at least one code point that is not a cross-script variant would be considered distinct. Because of that, even large numbers of defined cross-script variants generally do not lead to a high percentage of labels experiencing a collision across scripts.

The definition of variants included in this LGR contributes to the definition of variants in the Common LGR. Even though this LGR contains the full set of variants affecting this script, use of the Common LGR is required for actual mitigation of issues caused by using multiple languages or scripts in the same zone. For details, see Section 3, "Use of Multiple Reference LGRs in the Same Zone" in [Level-2-Overview].

In-script variants: This LGR extends the in-script variants and cross-script variants as described in Section 6, “Variants”, in “[Proposal-Devanagari]”. The in-script variants in this fall into four broad categories:

  • Vowel/Vowel sign followed by Nukta
  • Unique Vowels and Vowel Signs required for Kashmiri
  • Variants based on Candrabindu and Candra Vowel Signs followed by Anusvara
  • Variant based on hyphen vs. eyelash reph

As hyphen is not permitted in some positions on the label, a variant context rule is used to undefine the respective variants in positions in which the sequences containing hyphen cannot occur.

Cross-script variants: In addition to these, cross-script variant analysis of Devanagari identified cross-script variants with the Gurmukhi and Bengali scripts.

Digit Variants: All Devanagari digits are treated as semantic variants of the corresponding common (ASCII) digits. By transitivity, they are also semantic variants of any native digits in scripts that also include the common digits. Such variant relations are deemed to exist implicitly by transitivity but are not listed explicitly in each reference LGR. Instead, if needed, they are applied by using the Common LGR in label processing.

In particular, Devanagari digit ZERO is a cross-script homoglyph or near homoglyph of digit ZERO in many other scripts; these are already implicit semantic variants by transitivity and therefore not listed here.

Note that in addition to a transitive semantic variant relation, Devanagari digits ZERO, TWO, FOUR, and EIGHT are cross-script homoglyph or near homoglyph variants of the corresponding Gujarati digits.

To keep digit variant sets manageable in zones where multiple scripts are present, no attempt has been made at identifying cross-script variants among digits of different numeric value or between a digit in one script and a letter in another, such as between digit zero and Latin letter ‘o’. Other mechanisms may be required to prevent homograph labels.

Variant Disposition: All variants are of type “blocked”, making labels that differ only by these variants mutually exclusive: whichever label containing either of these variants is chosen earlier would be delegated, while any other equivalent labels should be blocked. There is no preference among these labels.

This LGR does not define allocatable variants.

The specification of variants in this LGR follows the guidelines in [RFC 8228].

Context Rules for Variants: some of the variants defined in this LGR are “effective null variants”, that is, some code points in the source map to “nothing” in the target with all other code points unchanged. (Because mappings are symmetric, it does not matter whether it is the forward or reverse mapping that maps to “null”.) Such variants require a context rule to keep the variant set well behaved.

In other cases, the sequences or code points making up source and target are constrained by explicit context rules on the code points (or by implicit context rules defined for the adjacent code points). In such a case, any variants may require context rules that match the intersection between the effective contexts for both source and target; otherwise, a sequence might be considered valid in some variant label when it would not be valid in an equivalent context in an original label. Symmetry requires the same context rule for both forward and reverse mappings.

Character Classes

Devanagari is an alphasyllabary and the heart of the writing system is the akshar. This is the unit which is instinctively recognized by users of the script. As encoded, the writing system of Devanagari is composed of Consonants, Halant, Vowels, Anusvara, Candrabindu, Nukta and Visarga.

Consonants: Devanagari consonants all contain an implicit schwa /ə/. To make a full syllable, consonants may be followed by certain code points from one or more of the other groups (see “WLE rules” below). See Section 3.3.1, “The Consonants” of the [Proposal-Devanagari].

Halant: Because consonants contain an implicit vowel schwa /ə/, a special sign is needed to denote when this implicit vowel is stripped off. This sign is the Halant, encoded as U+094D DEVANAGARI SIGN VIRAMA. The Halant thus joins two consonants and creates conjuncts, which can be generally from 2 to 4 consonant combinations. In rare cases, it can join up to 5 consonants. However, this LGR will not enforce any length limit. See Section 3.3.2, “The Implicit Vowel Killer: Halant” in [Proposal-Devanagari].

Vowels and Matras: There are separate code points for vowels that are pronounced independently at the beginning of a syllable or after a vowel sound. To indicate a Vowel sound following a consonant other than the implicit shwa sound, a vowel sign (matra) is attached to the consonant. There is an equivalent matra for each vowel excepting U+0905 DEVANAGARI VOWEL A. See Section 3.3.3, “Vowels” in [Proposal-Devanagari].

Anusvara: The Anusvara shows a nasal at the end of a syllable. See Section 3.3.4, “The Anusvara” of the [Proposal-Devanagari].

Candrabindu: A Candrabindu denotes nasalization of the preceding vowel. Present-day Hindi users tend to replace the Candrabindu by the Anusvara. See Section 3.3.5, “Nasalization: Candrabindu” in [Proposal-Devanagari].

Nukta: The nukta sign is placed below a certain number of consonants to represent sounds found only in words borrowed from Perso-Arabic, English and other non-Aryan sources. It is also placed under the consonants U+0921 and U+0922 to indicate flapped sounds. Apart from this, the Santali language uses Nukta adjoined to certain vowels and vowel signs. See Section 3.3.6, “Nukta” in [Proposal-Devanagari].

Visarga: U+0903 DEVANAGARI SIGN VISARGA, representing an aspiration at the end of a syllable, is frequently used in Sanskrit. See Section 3.3.7, “Visarga and Avagraha” in [Proposal-Devanagari].

Devanagari Digits: U+0966 to U+096F are a set of Devanagari-specific digits. They are used in alternation with the European (common) digits.

Common Digits: U+0030 to U+0039 are the set of digits from the ASCII range.

Whole Label Evaluation (WLE) and Context Rules

Common Rules

The LGR includes the rules and actions to implement the following restrictions, some of which are mandated by the IDNA protocol. They are marked with ⍟ and included here by default.

  • Hyphen Restrictions — restrictions on the allowable placement of hyphens (no leading/ending hyphen and no hyphen in positions 3 and 4). These restrictions are described in Section 4.2.3.1 of RFC 5891 [150]. They are implemented here as context rule on U+002D (-) HYPHEN-MINUS.
  • Leading Combining Marks — restrictions on the allowable placement of combining marks (no leading combining mark). This rule is described in Section 4.2.3.2 of RFC 5891 [150].
  • Digit-mixing — no mixing between different digit sets (European and Devanagari digits) is allowed; implemented here as a WLE rule with associated action.

Default Actions

This LGR includes the complete set default actions for LGRs as well as the action needed to invalidate labels with misplaced combining marks. They are marked with ⍟. For a description see [RFC 7940] and [150]. An additional action is triggered by mixed digit labels.

Devanagari-specific Rules

These rules ensure that the Devanagari label conforms to akshar formation norms for the Devanagari script. These norms are exclusively presented as context rules.

The following symbols are used in the names and comments for WLE rules:

  • C → Consonant
  • M → Matra
  • V → Vowel
  • B → Anusvara (Bindu)
  • D → Candrabindu
  • X → Visarga
  • H → Halant / Virama
  • N → Nukta
  • S → Eyelash Reph (C2HC3) where:
    • C2 is U+0931 DEVANAGARI LETTER RRA
    • H is U+094D DEVANAGARI SIGN VIRAMA
    • C3 comprises
      • U+092F DEVANAGARI LETTER YA
      • U+0939 DEVANAGARI LETTER HA

The rules are:

  • 1. N: must be preceded only by any of C1, V1 and M1
  • 2. H: must be preceded by C or CN
  • 3. M: must be preceded by C or CN
  • 4. X: must be preceded by any of V, C, N or M
  • 5. B: must be preceded by any of V, C, N or M
  • 6. D: must be preceded by any of V, C, N or M
  • 7. V: Can NOT be preceded by H

The following context rules are used for variants where a Nukta maps to a “null”, or that are overlapped:

  • Variant is not defined if followed by a Nukta
  • Variant is not defined unless it is followed by V or C (including RRA) or end of label
  • Variant is not defined where sequence starting with HYPHEN-MINUS is disallowed. (This context rule also applies to any sequences starting with HYPHEN-MINUS that are defined as variant targets, so that such sequences do not override the “Hyphen Restrictions” from RFC 5891)

See Section 7, “Whole Label Evaluation Rules (WLE)” of [Proposal-Devanagari].

Methodology and Contributors

The LGR in this document has been adapted from the corresponding Reference LGR for the Second Level. The Second Level Reference LGR for the Devanagari Script was developed by Michel Suignard and Asmus Freytag, based on the Root Zone LGR for the Devanagari script and information contained or referenced therein; see [RZ-LGR-Deva]. Suitable extensions for the second level have been applied according to the [Guidelines] and with community input. The original proposal for a Root Zone LGR for the Devanagari script, that this reference LGR is based on, was developed by the Neo-Brahmi Generation Panel (NBGP). For more information on methodology and contributors to the underlying Root Zone LGR, see Sections 4 and 8 in [Proposal-Devanagari], as well as [RZ-LGR-Overview].

Changes from Version Dated 15 December 2020

Unicode Version has been updated.

Changes from Version Dated 25 October 2024

This version modifies the Second Level Reference LGR for the Devanagari Script [Ref-LGR-und-Deva] by injecting the complete (maximal) set of cross-repertoire variants, including any imposed by transitivity. Injected variants are marked by special comments. Any character classes, context and WLE rules required for testing are also imported. In all other respects, description or annotations have not been updated to reflect the injected variants. Any LGR elements that might pose a possible conflict when the LGR is used with the Common LGR for cross-repertoire variant resolution are clearly marked. All modifications are carried out mechanically; there may be an occasional context rule or similar that is injected because its definition relates to some repertoire element even though it can never be triggered by any label valid under the modified LGR.

References

The following general references are cited in this document:

[EGIDS]
Lewis and Simons, “EGIDS: Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale,” documented in [SIL-Ethnologue] and summarized here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expanded_Graded_Intergenerational_Disruption_Scale_(EGIDS)
[Guidelines]
ICANN, “Guidelines for Developing Reference LGRs for the Second Level”, (Los Angeles, California: ICANN, 27 May 2020), https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/lgr-guidelines-second-level-27may20-en.pdf
[Level-2-Overview]
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, (ICANN),“Reference Label Generation Rules (LGR) for the Second Level: Overview and Summary” (PDF), (Los Angeles, California: ICANN, 25 October 2024), https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/level2-lgr-overview-summary-25oct24-en.pdf
[Proposal-Devanagari]
Neo-Brahmi Generation Panel, “Proposal for a Devanagari Script Root Zone Label Generation Rule-Set (LGR)”, 22 April 2019, https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/proposal-devanagari-lgr-22apr19-en.pdf
[Ref-LGR-und-Deva]
ICANN, Second Level Reference Label Generation Rules for the Devanagari Script (und-Deva), 25 October 2024 (XML) https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/packages/lgr/lgr-second-level-devanagari-full-variant-script-25oct24-en.xml non-normative HTML presentation: https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/packages/lgr/lgr-second-level-devanagari-full-variant-script-25oct24-en.html
[RFC 7940]
Davies, K. and A. Freytag, “Representing Label Generation Rulesets Using XML”, RFC 7940, August 2016, https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7940
[RFC 8228]
A. Freytag, “Guidance on Designing Label Generation Rulesets (LGRs) Supporting Variant Labels”, RFC 8228, August 2017, https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8228
[RZ-LGR-Overview]
Integration Panel, “Root Zone Label Generation Rules (RZ LGR-5): Overview and Summary”, 26 May 2022 (PDF), https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/lgr/rz-lgr-5-overview-26may22-en.pdf
[RZ-LGR-Deva]
ICANN, Root Zone Label Generation Rules for the Devanagari Script (und-Deva), 26 May 2022 (XML) https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/lgr/rz-lgr-5-devanagari-script-26may22-en.xml
[SIL-Ethnologue]
David M. Eberhard, Gary F. Simons & Charles D. Fennig (eds.). 2021. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Twenty fourth edition. Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Online version available as https://www.ethnologue.com
[Unicode 11.0.0]
The Unicode Consortium. The Unicode Standard, Version 11.0.0, (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2018. ISBN 978-1-936213-19-1) https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode11.0.0/

For references consulted particularly in designing the repertoire for the Devanagari Script for the second level please see details in the Table of References below.

References [0] to [11] refer to the Unicode Standard versions in which the corresponding code points were initially encoded. References [100] and above correspond to sources given in [Proposal-Devanagari] justifying the inclusion of the corresponding code points. Entries in the table may have multiple source reference values. In the listing of whole label evaluation and context rules, reference [150] indicates the source for common rules.

Repertoire

Showing the first 250 of 254 entries.
Glyph Code point Tags and context Variants
- U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS 0 HYPHEN-MINUS; Contextnot hyphen-minus-disallowed · U+00B7 blocked (injected)
-य U+002DU+092F sequence of 2 HYPHEN-MINUS + DEVANAGARI LETTER YA 0 Contextnot hyphen-minus-sequence-disallowed ऱ्य U+0931 + U+094D + U+092F blocked Eyelash Reph - hyphen confusion
-ह U+002DU+0939 sequence of 2 HYPHEN-MINUS + DEVANAGARI LETTER HA 0 Contextnot hyphen-minus-sequence-disallowed ऱ्ह U+0931 + U+094D + U+0939 blocked Eyelash Reph - hyphen confusion
0 U+0030 DIGIT ZERO 0 DIGIT ZERO; TagCommon-digit ٠ U+0660 blocked (injected) ۰ U+06F0 blocked (injected) ० U+0966 blocked Devanagari digit variant ০ U+09E6 blocked (injected) ૦ U+0AE6 blocked (injected) ೦ U+0CE6 blocked (injected) +4 more
1 U+0031 DIGIT ONE 0 DIGIT ONE; TagCommon-digit ١ U+0661 blocked (injected) ۱ U+06F1 blocked (injected) १ U+0967 blocked Devanagari digit variant ১ U+09E7 blocked (injected) ૧ U+0AE7 blocked (injected) ೧ U+0CE7 blocked (injected) +4 more
2 U+0032 DIGIT TWO 0 DIGIT TWO; TagCommon-digit ٢ U+0662 blocked (injected) ۲ U+06F2 blocked (injected) २ U+0968 blocked Devanagari digit variant ২ U+09E8 blocked (injected) ર U+0AB0 blocked (injected) ૨ U+0AE8 blocked (injected) +5 more
3 U+0033 DIGIT THREE 0 DIGIT THREE; TagCommon-digit ٣ U+0663 blocked (injected) ۳ U+06F3 blocked (injected) ३ U+0969 blocked Devanagari digit variant ৩ U+09E9 blocked (injected) ૩ U+0AE9 blocked (injected) ೩ U+0CE9 blocked (injected) +4 more
4 U+0034 DIGIT FOUR 0 DIGIT FOUR; TagCommon-digit ٤ U+0664 blocked (injected) ۴ U+06F4 blocked (injected) ४ U+096A blocked Devanagari digit variant ৪ U+09EA blocked (injected) ૪ U+0AEA blocked (injected) ೪ U+0CEA blocked (injected) +4 more
5 U+0035 DIGIT FIVE 0 DIGIT FIVE; TagCommon-digit ٥ U+0665 blocked (injected) ۵ U+06F5 blocked (injected) ५ U+096B blocked Devanagari digit variant ৫ U+09EB blocked (injected) પ U+0AAA blocked (injected) ૫ U+0AEB blocked (injected) +5 more
6 U+0036 DIGIT SIX 0 DIGIT SIX; TagCommon-digit ٦ U+0666 blocked (injected) ۶ U+06F6 blocked (injected) ६ U+096C blocked Devanagari digit variant ৬ U+09EC blocked (injected) ૬ U+0AEC blocked (injected) ೬ U+0CEC blocked (injected) +4 more
7 U+0037 DIGIT SEVEN 0 DIGIT SEVEN; TagCommon-digit ٧ U+0667 blocked (injected) ۷ U+06F7 blocked (injected) ७ U+096D blocked Devanagari digit variant ৭ U+09ED blocked (injected) ૭ U+0AED blocked (injected) ೭ U+0CED blocked (injected) +4 more
8 U+0038 DIGIT EIGHT 0 DIGIT EIGHT; TagCommon-digit ٨ U+0668 blocked (injected) ۸ U+06F8 blocked (injected) ८ U+096E blocked Devanagari digit variant ৮ U+09EE blocked (injected) ૮ U+0AEE blocked (injected) ೮ U+0CEE blocked (injected) +4 more
9 U+0039 DIGIT NINE 0 DIGIT NINE; TagCommon-digit ٩ U+0669 blocked (injected) ۹ U+06F9 blocked (injected) ९ U+096F blocked Devanagari digit variant ৯ U+09EF blocked (injected) ૯ U+0AEF blocked (injected) ೯ U+0CEF blocked (injected) +4 more
· U+00B7 MIDDLE DOT Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only - U+002D blocked (injected)
٠ U+0660 ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT ZERO Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 0 U+0030 blocked (injected) ۰ U+06F0 blocked (injected) ० U+0966 blocked (injected) ০ U+09E6 blocked (injected) ૦ U+0AE6 blocked (injected) ೦ U+0CE6 blocked (injected) +4 more
١ U+0661 ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT ONE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 1 U+0031 blocked (injected) ۱ U+06F1 blocked (injected) १ U+0967 blocked (injected) ১ U+09E7 blocked (injected) ૧ U+0AE7 blocked (injected) ೧ U+0CE7 blocked (injected) +4 more
٢ U+0662 ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT TWO Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 2 U+0032 blocked (injected) ۲ U+06F2 blocked (injected) २ U+0968 blocked (injected) ২ U+09E8 blocked (injected) ર U+0AB0 blocked (injected) ૨ U+0AE8 blocked (injected) +5 more
٣ U+0663 ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT THREE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 3 U+0033 blocked (injected) ۳ U+06F3 blocked (injected) ३ U+0969 blocked (injected) ৩ U+09E9 blocked (injected) ૩ U+0AE9 blocked (injected) ೩ U+0CE9 blocked (injected) +4 more
٤ U+0664 ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT FOUR Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 4 U+0034 blocked (injected) ۴ U+06F4 blocked (injected) ४ U+096A blocked (injected) ৪ U+09EA blocked (injected) ૪ U+0AEA blocked (injected) ೪ U+0CEA blocked (injected) +4 more
٥ U+0665 ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT FIVE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 5 U+0035 blocked (injected) ۵ U+06F5 blocked (injected) ५ U+096B blocked (injected) ৫ U+09EB blocked (injected) પ U+0AAA blocked (injected) ૫ U+0AEB blocked (injected) +5 more
٦ U+0666 ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT SIX Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 6 U+0036 blocked (injected) ۶ U+06F6 blocked (injected) ६ U+096C blocked (injected) ৬ U+09EC blocked (injected) ૬ U+0AEC blocked (injected) ೬ U+0CEC blocked (injected) +4 more
٧ U+0667 ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT SEVEN Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 7 U+0037 blocked (injected) ۷ U+06F7 blocked (injected) ७ U+096D blocked (injected) ৭ U+09ED blocked (injected) ૭ U+0AED blocked (injected) ೭ U+0CED blocked (injected) +4 more
٨ U+0668 ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT EIGHT Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 8 U+0038 blocked (injected) ۸ U+06F8 blocked (injected) ८ U+096E blocked (injected) ৮ U+09EE blocked (injected) ૮ U+0AEE blocked (injected) ೮ U+0CEE blocked (injected) +4 more
٩ U+0669 ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT NINE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 9 U+0039 blocked (injected) ۹ U+06F9 blocked (injected) ९ U+096F blocked (injected) ৯ U+09EF blocked (injected) ૯ U+0AEF blocked (injected) ೯ U+0CEF blocked (injected) +4 more
۰ U+06F0 EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT ZERO Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 0 U+0030 blocked (injected) ٠ U+0660 blocked (injected) ० U+0966 blocked (injected) ০ U+09E6 blocked (injected) ૦ U+0AE6 blocked (injected) ೦ U+0CE6 blocked (injected) +4 more
۱ U+06F1 EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT ONE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 1 U+0031 blocked (injected) ١ U+0661 blocked (injected) १ U+0967 blocked (injected) ১ U+09E7 blocked (injected) ૧ U+0AE7 blocked (injected) ೧ U+0CE7 blocked (injected) +4 more
۲ U+06F2 EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT TWO Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 2 U+0032 blocked (injected) ٢ U+0662 blocked (injected) २ U+0968 blocked (injected) ২ U+09E8 blocked (injected) ર U+0AB0 blocked (injected) ૨ U+0AE8 blocked (injected) +5 more
۳ U+06F3 EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT THREE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 3 U+0033 blocked (injected) ٣ U+0663 blocked (injected) ३ U+0969 blocked (injected) ৩ U+09E9 blocked (injected) ૩ U+0AE9 blocked (injected) ೩ U+0CE9 blocked (injected) +4 more
۴ U+06F4 EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT FOUR Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 4 U+0034 blocked (injected) ٤ U+0664 blocked (injected) ४ U+096A blocked (injected) ৪ U+09EA blocked (injected) ૪ U+0AEA blocked (injected) ೪ U+0CEA blocked (injected) +4 more
۵ U+06F5 EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT FIVE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 5 U+0035 blocked (injected) ٥ U+0665 blocked (injected) ५ U+096B blocked (injected) ৫ U+09EB blocked (injected) પ U+0AAA blocked (injected) ૫ U+0AEB blocked (injected) +5 more
۶ U+06F6 EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT SIX Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 6 U+0036 blocked (injected) ٦ U+0666 blocked (injected) ६ U+096C blocked (injected) ৬ U+09EC blocked (injected) ૬ U+0AEC blocked (injected) ೬ U+0CEC blocked (injected) +4 more
۷ U+06F7 EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT SEVEN Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 7 U+0037 blocked (injected) ٧ U+0667 blocked (injected) ७ U+096D blocked (injected) ৭ U+09ED blocked (injected) ૭ U+0AED blocked (injected) ೭ U+0CED blocked (injected) +4 more
۸ U+06F8 EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT EIGHT Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 8 U+0038 blocked (injected) ٨ U+0668 blocked (injected) ८ U+096E blocked (injected) ৮ U+09EE blocked (injected) ૮ U+0AEE blocked (injected) ೮ U+0CEE blocked (injected) +4 more
۹ U+06F9 EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT NINE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 9 U+0039 blocked (injected) ٩ U+0669 blocked (injected) ९ U+096F blocked (injected) ৯ U+09EF blocked (injected) ૯ U+0AEF blocked (injected) ೯ U+0CEF blocked (injected) +4 more
ँ U+0901 DEVANAGARI SIGN CANDRABINDU 0 101 102 103 105 108 110 111 112 113
Comment Bodo (5), Hindi (1), Kashmiri (4), Konkani (2), Maithili (2), Marathi (2), Nepali (1), Santali (4), Sanskrit (4)
TagCandrabinduTagsc:Deva Contextfollows-V-or-C-or-N-or-M ॅं U+0945 + U+0902 blocked Devanagari variant
ं U+0902 DEVANAGARI SIGN ANUSVARA 0 101 102 103 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagAnusvaraTagsc:Deva Contextfollows-V-or-C-or-N-or-M ऺ U+093A blocked Devanagari variant ਂ U+0A02 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ः U+0903 DEVANAGARI SIGN VISARGA 0 101 102 103 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. Tagsc:DevaTagVisarga Contextfollows-V-or-C-or-N-or-M
अ U+0905 DEVANAGARI LETTER A 0 101 102 103 104 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. Tagsc:DevaTagVowel Contextnot preceded-by-H
अँ U+0905U+0901 sequence of 2 DEVANAGARI LETTER A + DEVANAGARI SIGN CANDRABINDU Contextnot preceded-by-H ॲं U+0972 + U+0902 blocked Devanagari variant
अं U+0905U+0902 sequence of 2 DEVANAGARI LETTER A + DEVANAGARI SIGN ANUSVARA 0 105 108 DEVANAGARI LETTER A + DEVANAGARI SIGN ANUSVARA Contextnot preceded-by-H ॳ U+0973 blocked Devanagari variant
आ U+0906 DEVANAGARI LETTER AA 0 101 102 103 104 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. Tagsc:DevaTagV1TagVowel Contextnot preceded-by-H आ़ U+0906 + U+093C blocked Devanagari variant
आँ U+0906U+0901 sequence of 2 DEVANAGARI LETTER AA + DEVANAGARI SIGN CANDRABINDU DEVANAGARI LETTER AA + DEVANAGARI SIGN CANDRABINDU Contextnot preceded-by-H आ़ँ U+0906 + U+093C + U+0901 blocked Devanagari variant ऑं U+0911 + U+0902 blocked Devanagari variant
आं U+0906U+0902 sequence of 2 DEVANAGARI LETTER AA + DEVANAGARI SIGN ANUSVARA 0 105 108 DEVANAGARI LETTER AA + DEVANAGARI SIGN ANUSVARA Contextnot preceded-by-H आ़ं U+0906 + U+093C + U+0902 blocked Devanagari variant ॴ U+0974 blocked Devanagari variant
आ़ U+0906U+093C sequence of 2 DEVANAGARI LETTER AA + DEVANAGARI SIGN NUKTA DEVANAGARI LETTER AA + DEVANAGARI SIGN NUKTA Contextnot preceded-by-H आ U+0906 blocked Devanagari variant
आ़ँ U+0906U+093CU+0901 sequence of 3 DEVANAGARI LETTER AA + DEVANAGARI SIGN NUKTA + DEVANAGARI SIGN CANDRABINDU DEVANAGARI LETTER AA + DEVANAGARI SIGN NUKTA + DEVANAGARI SIGN CANDRABINDU Contextnot preceded-by-H आँ U+0906 + U+0901 blocked Devanagari variant ऑं U+0911 + U+0902 blocked Devanagari variant
आ़ं U+0906U+093CU+0902 sequence of 3 DEVANAGARI LETTER AA + DEVANAGARI SIGN NUKTA + DEVANAGARI SIGN ANUSVARA 0 105 108 DEVANAGARI LETTER AA + DEVANAGARI SIGN NUKTA + DEVANAGARI SIGN ANUSVARA Contextnot preceded-by-H आं U+0906 + U+0902 blocked Devanagari variant ॴ U+0974 blocked Devanagari variant
इ U+0907 DEVANAGARI LETTER I 0 101 102 103 104 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. Tagsc:DevaTagVowel Contextnot preceded-by-H ਙ U+0A19 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ई U+0908 DEVANAGARI LETTER II 0 101 102 103 104 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. Tagsc:DevaTagVowel Contextnot preceded-by-H
उ U+0909 DEVANAGARI LETTER U 0 101 102 103 104 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. Tagsc:DevaTagVowel Contextnot preceded-by-H ਤ U+0A24 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ऊ U+090A DEVANAGARI LETTER UU 0 101 102 103 104 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. Tagsc:DevaTagVowel Contextnot preceded-by-H
ऋ U+090B DEVANAGARI LETTER VOCALIC R 0 101 102 103 Hindi (1), Marathi (2), Sanskrit (4) Tagsc:DevaTagVowel Contextnot preceded-by-H
ऍ U+090D DEVANAGARI LETTER CANDRA E 0 101 Hindi (1) Tagsc:DevaTagVowel Contextnot preceded-by-H
ऍं U+090DU+0902 sequence of 2 DEVANAGARI LETTER CANDRA E + DEVANAGARI SIGN ANUSVARA Contextnot preceded-by-H एँ U+090F + U+0901 blocked
ऎ U+090E DEVANAGARI LETTER SHORT E 0 105 108 Kashmiri (4) Tagsc:DevaTagVowel Contextnot preceded-by-H ऐ U+0910 blocked Devanagari variant
ए U+090F DEVANAGARI LETTER E 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. Tagsc:DevaTagVowel Contextnot preceded-by-H
एँ U+090FU+0901 sequence of 2 DEVANAGARI LETTER E + DEVANAGARI SIGN CANDRABINDU Contextnot preceded-by-H ऍं U+090D + U+0902 blocked
ऐ U+0910 DEVANAGARI LETTER AI 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. Tagsc:DevaTagVowel Contextnot preceded-by-H ऎ U+090E blocked
ऑ U+0911 DEVANAGARI LETTER CANDRA O 0 100 101 102 108 112 Hindi (1), Kashmiri (4), Konkani (2), Marathi (2), Kashmiri (4) Tagsc:DevaTagVowel Contextnot preceded-by-H
ऑं U+0911U+0902 sequence of 2 DEVANAGARI LETTER CANDRA O + DEVANAGARI SIGN ANUSVARA Contextnot preceded-by-H आँ U+0906 + U+0901 blocked आ़ँ U+0906 + U+093C + U+0901 blocked
ऒ U+0912 DEVANAGARI LETTER SHORT O 0 105 108 Kashmiri (4) Tagsc:DevaTagVowel Contextnot preceded-by-H
ओ U+0913 DEVANAGARI LETTER O 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. Tagsc:DevaTagV1TagVowel Contextnot preceded-by-H ओ़ U+0913 + U+093C blocked Devanagari variant
ओ़ U+0913U+093C sequence of 2 DEVANAGARI LETTER O + DEVANAGARI SIGN NUKTA DEVANAGARI LETTER O + DEVANAGARI SIGN NUKTA Contextnot preceded-by-H ओ U+0913 blocked Devanagari variant
औ U+0914 DEVANAGARI LETTER AU 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. Tagsc:DevaTagVowel Contextnot preceded-by-H ॵ U+0975 blocked Devanagari variant
क U+0915 DEVANAGARI LETTER KA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagC1TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
ख U+0916 DEVANAGARI LETTER KHA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagC1TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
ग U+0917 DEVANAGARI LETTER GA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagC1TagConsonantTagsc:Deva ਗ U+0A17 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
घ U+0918 DEVANAGARI LETTER GHA 0 101 102 103 104 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva ਬ U+0A2C blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ङ U+0919 DEVANAGARI LETTER NGA 0 101 102 103 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
च U+091A DEVANAGARI LETTER CA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagC1TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
छ U+091B DEVANAGARI LETTER CHA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagC1TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
ज U+091C DEVANAGARI LETTER JA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagC1TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
झ U+091D DEVANAGARI LETTER JHA 0 101 102 103 104 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
ञ U+091E DEVANAGARI LETTER NYA 0 101 102 103 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
ट U+091F DEVANAGARI LETTER TTA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva ਟ U+0A1F blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ठ U+0920 DEVANAGARI LETTER TTHA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva ਠ U+0A20 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ड U+0921 DEVANAGARI LETTER DDA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagC1TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
ढ U+0922 DEVANAGARI LETTER DDHA 0 101 102 103 104 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagC1TagConsonantTagsc:Deva ਫ U+0A2B blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ण U+0923 DEVANAGARI LETTER NNA 0 101 102 103 104 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
त U+0924 DEVANAGARI LETTER TA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
त्त U+0924U+094DU+0924 sequence of 3 DEVANAGARI LETTER TA + DEVANAGARI SIGN VIRAMA + DEVANAGARI LETTER TA
Comment DEVANAGARI LETTER TA + DEVANAGARI SIGN VIRAMA + DEVANAGARI LETTER TA: Sequence has cross-script variant
ਜ U+0A1C blocked Cross-script homoglyph
थ U+0925 DEVANAGARI LETTER THA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
द U+0926 DEVANAGARI LETTER DA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
ध U+0927 DEVANAGARI LETTER DHA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
न U+0928 DEVANAGARI LETTER NA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
प U+092A DEVANAGARI LETTER PA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva ਧ U+0A27 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
प्टि U+092AU+094DU+091FU+093F sequence of 4 DEVANAGARI LETTER PA + DEVANAGARI SIGN VIRAMA + DEVANAGARI LETTER TTA + DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN I
Comment DEVANAGARI LETTER PA + DEVANAGARI SIGN VIRAMA + DEVANAGARI LETTER TTA + DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN I, Sequence has cross-script variant
ਇ U+0A07 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
प्टी U+092AU+094DU+091FU+0940 sequence of 4 DEVANAGARI LETTER PA + DEVANAGARI SIGN VIRAMA + DEVANAGARI LETTER TTA + DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN II
Comment DEVANAGARI LETTER PA + DEVANAGARI SIGN VIRAMA + DEVANAGARI LETTER TTA + DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN II, Sequence has cross-script variant
ਈ U+0A08 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
प्टॆ U+092AU+094DU+091FU+0946 sequence of 4 DEVANAGARI LETTER PA + DEVANAGARI SIGN VIRAMA + DEVANAGARI LETTER TTA + DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN SHORT E
Comment DEVANAGARI LETTER PA + DEVANAGARI SIGN VIRAMA + DEVANAGARI LETTER TTA + DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN SHORT E, Sequence has cross-script variant
प्टे U+092A + U+094D + U+091F + U+0947 blocked Devanagari variant ਏ U+0A0F blocked Cross-script homoglyph
प्टे U+092AU+094DU+091FU+0947 sequence of 4 DEVANAGARI LETTER PA + DEVANAGARI SIGN VIRAMA + DEVANAGARI LETTER TTA + DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN E
Comment DEVANAGARI LETTER PA + DEVANAGARI SIGN VIRAMA + DEVANAGARI LETTER TTA + DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN E, Sequence has cross-script variant
प्टॆ U+092A + U+094D + U+091F + U+0946 blocked Devanagari variant ਏ U+0A0F blocked Cross-script homoglyph
फ U+092B DEVANAGARI LETTER PHA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagC1TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
ब U+092C DEVANAGARI LETTER BA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
भ U+092D DEVANAGARI LETTER BHA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva ਮ U+0A2E blocked Cross-script homoglyph
म U+092E DEVANAGARI LETTER MA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva ম U+09AE blocked Cross-script homoglyph ਸ U+0A38 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
य U+092F DEVANAGARI LETTER YA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
र U+0930 DEVANAGARI LETTER RA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
ऱ्य U+0931U+094DU+092F sequence of 3 DEVANAGARI LETTER RRA + DEVANAGARI SIGN VIRAMA + DEVANAGARI LETTER YA 0 102 106 107 112 113
Comment Section 7, Case of Eyelash Reph: To enable Eyelash Reph formation with Rra+Halanta+Ya and prevent stand-alone RRA from occurring; Konkani (2), Marathi (2), Nepali (1)
-य U+002D + U+092F blocked Eyelash Reph - hyphen confusion
ऱ्ह U+0931U+094DU+0939 sequence of 3 DEVANAGARI LETTER RRA + DEVANAGARI SIGN VIRAMA + DEVANAGARI LETTER HA 0 102 106 107 112 113
Comment Section 7, Case of Eyelash Reph: To enable Eyelash Reph formation with Rra+Halanta+Ha and prevent stand-alone RRA from occurring; Konkani (2), Marathi (2), Nepali (1)
-ह U+002D + U+0939 blocked Eyelash Reph - hyphen confusion
ल U+0932 DEVANAGARI LETTER LA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
ळ U+0933 DEVANAGARI LETTER LLA 0 102 103 110 112 113 Bodo (5), Konkani (2), Marathi (2), Nepali (1), Sanskrit (4) TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
व U+0935 DEVANAGARI LETTER VA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva ਕ U+0A15 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
श U+0936 DEVANAGARI LETTER SHA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
ष U+0937 DEVANAGARI LETTER SSA 0 101 102 103 104 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
स U+0938 DEVANAGARI LETTER SA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
ह U+0939 DEVANAGARI LETTER HA 0 101 102 103 104 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagConsonantTagsc:Deva ਵ U+0A35 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ऺ U+093A DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN OE 11 105 108 Kashmiri (4) TagMatraTagsc:Deva Contextfollows-C-or-CN ं U+0902 blocked Devanagari variant ਂ U+0A02 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ऻ U+093B DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN OOE 11 105 108 Kashmiri (4) TagMatraTagsc:Deva Contextfollows-C-or-CN ां U+093E + U+0902 blocked Devanagari variant ा़ं U+093E + U+093C + U+0902 blocked Devanagari variant
़ U+093C DEVANAGARI SIGN NUKTA 0 101 105 108 109 110 111 Bodo (5), Hindi (1), Kashmiri (4), Maithili (2), Santali (4), Sindhi (2) TagNuktaTagsc:Deva Contextfollows-either-C1-V1-or-M1 ਼ U+0A3C blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ा U+093E DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN AA 0 101 102 103 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagM1TagMatraTagsc:Deva Contextfollows-C-or-CN ा़ U+093E + U+093C blocked Devanagari variant
ाँ U+093EU+0901 sequence of 2 DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN AA + DEVANAGARI SIGN CANDRABINDU Contextfollows-C-or-CN ा़ँ U+093E + U+093C + U+0901 blocked ॉं U+0949 + U+0902 blocked
ां U+093EU+0902 sequence of 2 DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN AA + DEVANAGARI SIGN ANUSVARA DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN AA + DEVANAGARI SIGN ANUSVARA Contextfollows-C-or-CN ऻ U+093B blocked Devanagari variant ा़ं U+093E + U+093C + U+0902 blocked Devanagari variant
ा़ U+093EU+093C sequence of 2 DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN AA + DEVANAGARI SIGN NUKTA DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN AA + DEVANAGARI SIGN NUKTA Contextfollows-C-or-CN ा U+093E blocked Devanagari variant
ा़ँ U+093EU+093CU+0901 sequence of 3 DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN AA + DEVANAGARI SIGN NUKTA + DEVANAGARI SIGN CANDRABINDU Contextfollows-C-or-CN ाँ U+093E + U+0901 blocked ॉं U+0949 + U+0902 blocked
ा़ं U+093EU+093CU+0902 sequence of 3 DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN AA + DEVANAGARI SIGN NUKTA + DEVANAGARI SIGN ANUSVARA DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN AA + DEVANAGARI SIGN NUKTA + DEVANAGARI SIGN ANUSVARA Contextfollows-C-or-CN ऻ U+093B blocked Devanagari variant ां U+093E + U+0902 blocked Devanagari variant
ि U+093F DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN I 0 101 102 103 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagMatraTagsc:Deva Contextfollows-C-or-CN ি U+09BF blocked Cross-script homoglyph ਿ U+0A3F blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ी U+0940 DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN II 0 101 102 103 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagMatraTagsc:Deva Contextfollows-C-or-CN ੀ U+0A40 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ु U+0941 DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN U 0 101 102 103 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagMatraTagsc:Deva Contextfollows-C-or-CN
ू U+0942 DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN UU 0 101 102 103 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagMatraTagsc:Deva Contextfollows-C-or-CN
ृ U+0943 DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN VOCALIC R 0 101 102 103 Hindi (1), Marathi (2), Sanskrit (4) TagMatraTagsc:Deva Contextfollows-C-or-CN
ॅ U+0945 DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN CANDRA E 0 100 101 108 = candra; Hindi (1), Kashmiri (4), Konkani (2), Marathi (2), Sanskrit (4) TagMatraTagsc:Deva Contextfollows-C-or-CN ੱ U+0A71 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ॅं U+0945U+0902 sequence of 2 DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN CANDRA E + DEVANAGARI SIGN ANUSVARA Contextfollows-C-or-CN ँ U+0901 blocked Devanagari variant
ॆ U+0946 DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN SHORT E 0 105 108 Kashmiri (4) TagMatraTagsc:Deva Contextfollows-C-or-CN े U+0947 blocked Devanagari variant ੇ U+0A47 blocked Cross-script homoglyph ੋ U+0A4B blocked Cross-script homoglyph
े U+0947 DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN E 0 101 102 103 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagMatraTagsc:Deva Contextfollows-C-or-CN ॆ U+0946 blocked Devanagari variant ੇ U+0A47 blocked Cross-script homoglyph ੋ U+0A4B blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ै U+0948 DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN AI 0 101 102 103 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagMatraTagsc:Deva Contextfollows-C-or-CN ੈ U+0A48 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ॉ U+0949 DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN CANDRA O 0 100 108 Hindi (1), Kashmiri (4), Konkani (2), Marathi (2) TagMatraTagsc:Deva Contextfollows-C-or-CN
ॉं U+0949U+0902 sequence of 2 DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN CANDRA O + DEVANAGARI SIGN ANUSVARA Contextfollows-C-or-CN ाँ U+093E + U+0901 blocked ा़ँ U+093E + U+093C + U+0901 blocked
ॊ U+094A DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN SHORT O 0 105 108 Kashmiri (4) TagMatraTagsc:Deva Contextfollows-C-or-CN
ो U+094B DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN O 0 101 102 103 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagM1TagMatraTagsc:Deva Contextfollows-C-or-CN ो़ U+094B + U+093C blocked Devanagari variant
ो़ U+094BU+093C sequence of 2 DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN O + DEVANAGARI SIGN NUKTA DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN O + DEVANAGARI SIGN NUKTA Contextfollows-C-or-CN ो U+094B blocked Devanagari variant
ौ U+094C DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN AU 0 101 102 103 105 108 113 Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari]. TagMatraTagsc:Deva Contextfollows-C-or-CN ॏ U+094F blocked Devanagari variant
् U+094D DEVANAGARI SIGN VIRAMA 0 101 102 103 105 108 113
Comment = halant; suppresses inherent vowel: Most of the languages given in Section 3.2 of [Proposal-Devanagari].
TagHalantTagsc:Deva Contextfollows-C-or-CN
ॏ U+094F DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN AW 11 105 108 Kashmiri (4) TagMatraTagsc:Deva Contextfollows-C-or-CN ौ U+094C blocked Devanagari variant
ॖ U+0956 DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN UE 11 105 108 Kashmiri (4) TagMatraTagsc:Deva Contextfollows-C-or-CN ੁ U+0A41 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ॗ U+0957 DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN UUE 11 105 108 Kashmiri (4) TagMatraTagsc:Deva Contextfollows-C-or-CN ੂ U+0A42 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
० U+0966 DEVANAGARI DIGIT ZERO 0 DEVANAGARI DIGIT ZERO TagDevanagari-digit 0 U+0030 blocked ASCII digit variant ٠ U+0660 blocked (injected) ۰ U+06F0 blocked (injected) ০ U+09E6 blocked (injected) ૦ U+0AE6 blocked (injected) ೦ U+0CE6 blocked (injected) +4 more
१ U+0967 DEVANAGARI DIGIT ONE 0 DEVANAGARI DIGIT ONE TagDevanagari-digit 1 U+0031 blocked ASCII digit variant ١ U+0661 blocked (injected) ۱ U+06F1 blocked (injected) ১ U+09E7 blocked (injected) ૧ U+0AE7 blocked (injected) ೧ U+0CE7 blocked (injected) +4 more
२ U+0968 DEVANAGARI DIGIT TWO 0 DEVANAGARI DIGIT TWO TagDevanagari-digit 2 U+0032 blocked ASCII digit variant ٢ U+0662 blocked (injected) ۲ U+06F2 blocked (injected) ২ U+09E8 blocked (injected) ર U+0AB0 blocked (injected) ૨ U+0AE8 blocked (injected) +5 more
३ U+0969 DEVANAGARI DIGIT THREE 0 DEVANAGARI DIGIT THREE TagDevanagari-digit 3 U+0033 blocked ASCII digit variant ٣ U+0663 blocked (injected) ۳ U+06F3 blocked (injected) ৩ U+09E9 blocked (injected) ૩ U+0AE9 blocked (injected) ೩ U+0CE9 blocked (injected) +4 more
४ U+096A DEVANAGARI DIGIT FOUR 0 DEVANAGARI DIGIT FOUR TagDevanagari-digit 4 U+0034 blocked ASCII digit variant ٤ U+0664 blocked (injected) ۴ U+06F4 blocked (injected) ৪ U+09EA blocked (injected) ૪ U+0AEA blocked (injected) ೪ U+0CEA blocked (injected) +4 more
५ U+096B DEVANAGARI DIGIT FIVE 0 DEVANAGARI DIGIT FIVE TagDevanagari-digit 5 U+0035 blocked ASCII digit variant ٥ U+0665 blocked (injected) ۵ U+06F5 blocked (injected) ৫ U+09EB blocked (injected) પ U+0AAA blocked (injected) ૫ U+0AEB blocked (injected) +5 more
६ U+096C DEVANAGARI DIGIT SIX 0 DEVANAGARI DIGIT SIX TagDevanagari-digit 6 U+0036 blocked ASCII digit variant ٦ U+0666 blocked (injected) ۶ U+06F6 blocked (injected) ৬ U+09EC blocked (injected) ૬ U+0AEC blocked (injected) ೬ U+0CEC blocked (injected) +4 more
७ U+096D DEVANAGARI DIGIT SEVEN 0 DEVANAGARI DIGIT SEVEN TagDevanagari-digit 7 U+0037 blocked ASCII digit variant ٧ U+0667 blocked (injected) ۷ U+06F7 blocked (injected) ৭ U+09ED blocked (injected) ૭ U+0AED blocked (injected) ೭ U+0CED blocked (injected) +4 more
८ U+096E DEVANAGARI DIGIT EIGHT 0 DEVANAGARI DIGIT EIGHT TagDevanagari-digit 8 U+0038 blocked ASCII digit variant ٨ U+0668 blocked (injected) ۸ U+06F8 blocked (injected) ৮ U+09EE blocked (injected) ૮ U+0AEE blocked (injected) ೮ U+0CEE blocked (injected) +4 more
९ U+096F DEVANAGARI DIGIT NINE 0 DEVANAGARI DIGIT NINE TagDevanagari-digit 9 U+0039 blocked ASCII digit variant ٩ U+0669 blocked (injected) ۹ U+06F9 blocked (injected) ৯ U+09EF blocked (injected) ૯ U+0AEF blocked (injected) ೯ U+0CEF blocked (injected) +4 more
ॲ U+0972 DEVANAGARI LETTER CANDRA A 9 100 102 108 112 Kashmiri (4), Konkani (2), Marathi (2) Tagsc:DevaTagVowel Contextnot preceded-by-H
ॲं U+0972U+0902 sequence of 2 DEVANAGARI LETTER CANDRA A + DEVANAGARI SIGN ANUSVARA Contextnot preceded-by-H अँ U+0905 + U+0901 blocked Devanagari variant
ॳ U+0973 DEVANAGARI LETTER OE 11 105 108 Kashmiri (4) Tagsc:DevaTagVowel Contextnot preceded-by-H अं U+0905 + U+0902 blocked Devanagari variant
ॴ U+0974 DEVANAGARI LETTER OOE 11 105 108 Kashmiri (4) Tagsc:DevaTagVowel Contextnot preceded-by-H आं U+0906 + U+0902 blocked Devanagari variant आ़ं U+0906 + U+093C + U+0902 blocked Devanagari variant
ॵ U+0975 DEVANAGARI LETTER AW 11 105 108 Kashmiri (4) Tagsc:DevaTagVowel Contextnot preceded-by-H औ U+0914 blocked
ॶ U+0976 DEVANAGARI LETTER UE 11 105 108 Kashmiri (4) Tagsc:DevaTagVowel Contextnot preceded-by-H
ॷ U+0977 DEVANAGARI LETTER UUE 11 105 108 Kashmiri (4) Tagsc:DevaTagVowel Contextnot preceded-by-H
ॻ U+097B DEVANAGARI LETTER GGA 8 104 Sindhi (2) TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
ॼ U+097C DEVANAGARI LETTER JJA 8 104 Sindhi (2) TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
ॾ U+097E DEVANAGARI LETTER DDDA 8 104 Sindhi (2) TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
ॿ U+097F DEVANAGARI LETTER BBA 8 104 Sindi TagConsonantTagsc:Deva
ম U+09AE BENGALI LETTER MA Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Beng म U+092E blocked Cross-script homoglyph ਸ U+0A38 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ি U+09BF BENGALI VOWEL SIGN I Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Beng ि U+093F blocked Cross-script homoglyph ਿ U+0A3F blocked Cross-script homoglyph
০ U+09E6 BENGALI DIGIT ZERO Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 0 U+0030 blocked (injected) ٠ U+0660 blocked (injected) ۰ U+06F0 blocked (injected) ० U+0966 blocked (injected) ૦ U+0AE6 blocked (injected) ೦ U+0CE6 blocked (injected) +4 more
১ U+09E7 BENGALI DIGIT ONE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 1 U+0031 blocked (injected) ١ U+0661 blocked (injected) ۱ U+06F1 blocked (injected) १ U+0967 blocked (injected) ૧ U+0AE7 blocked (injected) ೧ U+0CE7 blocked (injected) +4 more
২ U+09E8 BENGALI DIGIT TWO Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 2 U+0032 blocked (injected) ٢ U+0662 blocked (injected) ۲ U+06F2 blocked (injected) २ U+0968 blocked (injected) ર U+0AB0 blocked (injected) ૨ U+0AE8 blocked (injected) +5 more
৩ U+09E9 BENGALI DIGIT THREE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 3 U+0033 blocked (injected) ٣ U+0663 blocked (injected) ۳ U+06F3 blocked (injected) ३ U+0969 blocked (injected) ૩ U+0AE9 blocked (injected) ೩ U+0CE9 blocked (injected) +4 more
৪ U+09EA BENGALI DIGIT FOUR Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 4 U+0034 blocked (injected) ٤ U+0664 blocked (injected) ۴ U+06F4 blocked (injected) ४ U+096A blocked (injected) ૪ U+0AEA blocked (injected) ೪ U+0CEA blocked (injected) +4 more
৫ U+09EB BENGALI DIGIT FIVE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 5 U+0035 blocked (injected) ٥ U+0665 blocked (injected) ۵ U+06F5 blocked (injected) ५ U+096B blocked (injected) પ U+0AAA blocked (injected) ૫ U+0AEB blocked (injected) +5 more
৬ U+09EC BENGALI DIGIT SIX Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 6 U+0036 blocked (injected) ٦ U+0666 blocked (injected) ۶ U+06F6 blocked (injected) ६ U+096C blocked (injected) ૬ U+0AEC blocked (injected) ೬ U+0CEC blocked (injected) +4 more
৭ U+09ED BENGALI DIGIT SEVEN Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 7 U+0037 blocked (injected) ٧ U+0667 blocked (injected) ۷ U+06F7 blocked (injected) ७ U+096D blocked (injected) ૭ U+0AED blocked (injected) ೭ U+0CED blocked (injected) +4 more
৮ U+09EE BENGALI DIGIT EIGHT Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 8 U+0038 blocked (injected) ٨ U+0668 blocked (injected) ۸ U+06F8 blocked (injected) ८ U+096E blocked (injected) ૮ U+0AEE blocked (injected) ೮ U+0CEE blocked (injected) +4 more
৯ U+09EF BENGALI DIGIT NINE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 9 U+0039 blocked (injected) ٩ U+0669 blocked (injected) ۹ U+06F9 blocked (injected) ९ U+096F blocked (injected) ૯ U+0AEF blocked (injected) ೯ U+0CEF blocked (injected) +4 more
ਂ U+0A02 GURMUKHI SIGN BINDI Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru ं U+0902 blocked Cross-script homoglyph ऺ U+093A blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ਇ U+0A07 GURMUKHI LETTER I Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru प्टि U+092A + U+094D + U+091F + U+093F blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ਈ U+0A08 GURMUKHI LETTER II Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru प्टी U+092A + U+094D + U+091F + U+0940 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ਏ U+0A0F GURMUKHI LETTER EE Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru प्टॆ U+092A + U+094D + U+091F + U+0946 blocked Cross-script homoglyph प्टे U+092A + U+094D + U+091F + U+0947 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ਕ U+0A15 GURMUKHI LETTER KA Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru व U+0935 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ਗ U+0A17 GURMUKHI LETTER GA Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru ग U+0917 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ਙ U+0A19 GURMUKHI LETTER NGA Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru इ U+0907 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ਜ U+0A1C GURMUKHI LETTER JA Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru त्त U+0924 + U+094D + U+0924 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ਟ U+0A1F GURMUKHI LETTER TTA Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru ट U+091F blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ਠ U+0A20 GURMUKHI LETTER TTHA Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru ठ U+0920 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ਤ U+0A24 GURMUKHI LETTER TA Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru उ U+0909 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ਧ U+0A27 GURMUKHI LETTER DHA Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru प U+092A blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ਫ U+0A2B GURMUKHI LETTER PHA Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru ढ U+0922 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ਬ U+0A2C GURMUKHI LETTER BA Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru घ U+0918 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ਮ U+0A2E GURMUKHI LETTER MA Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru भ U+092D blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ਵ U+0A35 GURMUKHI LETTER VA Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru ह U+0939 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ਸ U+0A38 GURMUKHI LETTER SA Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru म U+092E blocked Cross-script homoglyph ম U+09AE blocked Cross-script homoglyph
਼ U+0A3C GURMUKHI SIGN NUKTA Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru ़ U+093C blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ਿ U+0A3F GURMUKHI VOWEL SIGN I Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru ि U+093F blocked Cross-script homoglyph ি U+09BF blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ੀ U+0A40 GURMUKHI VOWEL SIGN II Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru ी U+0940 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ੁ U+0A41 GURMUKHI VOWEL SIGN U Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru ॖ U+0956 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ੂ U+0A42 GURMUKHI VOWEL SIGN UU Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru ॗ U+0957 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ੇ U+0A47 GURMUKHI VOWEL SIGN EE Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru ॆ U+0946 blocked Cross-script homoglyph े U+0947 blocked Cross-script homoglyph ੋ U+0A4B blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ੈ U+0A48 GURMUKHI VOWEL SIGN AI Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru ै U+0948 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ੋ U+0A4B GURMUKHI VOWEL SIGN OO Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru ॆ U+0946 blocked Cross-script homoglyph े U+0947 blocked Cross-script homoglyph ੇ U+0A47 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
ੱ U+0A71 GURMUKHI ADDAK Not part of repertoire Tagsc:Guru ॅ U+0945 blocked Cross-script homoglyph
પ U+0AAA GUJARATI LETTER PA Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 5 U+0035 blocked (injected) ٥ U+0665 blocked (injected) ۵ U+06F5 blocked (injected) ५ U+096B blocked (injected) ৫ U+09EB blocked (injected) ૫ U+0AEB blocked (injected) +5 more
ર U+0AB0 GUJARATI LETTER RA Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 2 U+0032 blocked (injected) ٢ U+0662 blocked (injected) ۲ U+06F2 blocked (injected) २ U+0968 blocked (injected) ২ U+09E8 blocked (injected) ૨ U+0AE8 blocked (injected) +5 more
૦ U+0AE6 GUJARATI DIGIT ZERO Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 0 U+0030 blocked (injected) ٠ U+0660 blocked (injected) ۰ U+06F0 blocked (injected) ० U+0966 blocked (injected) ০ U+09E6 blocked (injected) ೦ U+0CE6 blocked (injected) +4 more
૧ U+0AE7 GUJARATI DIGIT ONE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 1 U+0031 blocked (injected) ١ U+0661 blocked (injected) ۱ U+06F1 blocked (injected) १ U+0967 blocked (injected) ১ U+09E7 blocked (injected) ೧ U+0CE7 blocked (injected) +4 more
૨ U+0AE8 GUJARATI DIGIT TWO Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 2 U+0032 blocked (injected) ٢ U+0662 blocked (injected) ۲ U+06F2 blocked (injected) २ U+0968 blocked (injected) ২ U+09E8 blocked (injected) ર U+0AB0 blocked (injected) +5 more
૩ U+0AE9 GUJARATI DIGIT THREE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 3 U+0033 blocked (injected) ٣ U+0663 blocked (injected) ۳ U+06F3 blocked (injected) ३ U+0969 blocked (injected) ৩ U+09E9 blocked (injected) ೩ U+0CE9 blocked (injected) +4 more
૪ U+0AEA GUJARATI DIGIT FOUR Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 4 U+0034 blocked (injected) ٤ U+0664 blocked (injected) ۴ U+06F4 blocked (injected) ४ U+096A blocked (injected) ৪ U+09EA blocked (injected) ೪ U+0CEA blocked (injected) +4 more
૫ U+0AEB GUJARATI DIGIT FIVE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 5 U+0035 blocked (injected) ٥ U+0665 blocked (injected) ۵ U+06F5 blocked (injected) ५ U+096B blocked (injected) ৫ U+09EB blocked (injected) પ U+0AAA blocked (injected) +5 more
૬ U+0AEC GUJARATI DIGIT SIX Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 6 U+0036 blocked (injected) ٦ U+0666 blocked (injected) ۶ U+06F6 blocked (injected) ६ U+096C blocked (injected) ৬ U+09EC blocked (injected) ೬ U+0CEC blocked (injected) +4 more
૭ U+0AED GUJARATI DIGIT SEVEN Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 7 U+0037 blocked (injected) ٧ U+0667 blocked (injected) ۷ U+06F7 blocked (injected) ७ U+096D blocked (injected) ৭ U+09ED blocked (injected) ೭ U+0CED blocked (injected) +4 more
૮ U+0AEE GUJARATI DIGIT EIGHT Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 8 U+0038 blocked (injected) ٨ U+0668 blocked (injected) ۸ U+06F8 blocked (injected) ८ U+096E blocked (injected) ৮ U+09EE blocked (injected) ೮ U+0CEE blocked (injected) +4 more
૯ U+0AEF GUJARATI DIGIT NINE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 9 U+0039 blocked (injected) ٩ U+0669 blocked (injected) ۹ U+06F9 blocked (injected) ९ U+096F blocked (injected) ৯ U+09EF blocked (injected) ೯ U+0CEF blocked (injected) +4 more
೦ U+0CE6 KANNADA DIGIT ZERO Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 0 U+0030 blocked (injected) ٠ U+0660 blocked (injected) ۰ U+06F0 blocked (injected) ० U+0966 blocked (injected) ০ U+09E6 blocked (injected) ૦ U+0AE6 blocked (injected) +4 more
೧ U+0CE7 KANNADA DIGIT ONE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 1 U+0031 blocked (injected) ١ U+0661 blocked (injected) ۱ U+06F1 blocked (injected) १ U+0967 blocked (injected) ১ U+09E7 blocked (injected) ૧ U+0AE7 blocked (injected) +4 more
೨ U+0CE8 KANNADA DIGIT TWO Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 2 U+0032 blocked (injected) ٢ U+0662 blocked (injected) ۲ U+06F2 blocked (injected) २ U+0968 blocked (injected) ২ U+09E8 blocked (injected) ર U+0AB0 blocked (injected) +5 more
೩ U+0CE9 KANNADA DIGIT THREE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 3 U+0033 blocked (injected) ٣ U+0663 blocked (injected) ۳ U+06F3 blocked (injected) ३ U+0969 blocked (injected) ৩ U+09E9 blocked (injected) ૩ U+0AE9 blocked (injected) +4 more
೪ U+0CEA KANNADA DIGIT FOUR Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 4 U+0034 blocked (injected) ٤ U+0664 blocked (injected) ۴ U+06F4 blocked (injected) ४ U+096A blocked (injected) ৪ U+09EA blocked (injected) ૪ U+0AEA blocked (injected) +4 more
೫ U+0CEB KANNADA DIGIT FIVE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 5 U+0035 blocked (injected) ٥ U+0665 blocked (injected) ۵ U+06F5 blocked (injected) ५ U+096B blocked (injected) ৫ U+09EB blocked (injected) પ U+0AAA blocked (injected) +5 more
೬ U+0CEC KANNADA DIGIT SIX Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 6 U+0036 blocked (injected) ٦ U+0666 blocked (injected) ۶ U+06F6 blocked (injected) ६ U+096C blocked (injected) ৬ U+09EC blocked (injected) ૬ U+0AEC blocked (injected) +4 more
೭ U+0CED KANNADA DIGIT SEVEN Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 7 U+0037 blocked (injected) ٧ U+0667 blocked (injected) ۷ U+06F7 blocked (injected) ७ U+096D blocked (injected) ৭ U+09ED blocked (injected) ૭ U+0AED blocked (injected) +4 more
೮ U+0CEE KANNADA DIGIT EIGHT Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 8 U+0038 blocked (injected) ٨ U+0668 blocked (injected) ۸ U+06F8 blocked (injected) ८ U+096E blocked (injected) ৮ U+09EE blocked (injected) ૮ U+0AEE blocked (injected) +4 more
೯ U+0CEF KANNADA DIGIT NINE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 9 U+0039 blocked (injected) ٩ U+0669 blocked (injected) ۹ U+06F9 blocked (injected) ९ U+096F blocked (injected) ৯ U+09EF blocked (injected) ૯ U+0AEF blocked (injected) +4 more
๐ U+0E50 THAI DIGIT ZERO Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 0 U+0030 blocked (injected) ٠ U+0660 blocked (injected) ۰ U+06F0 blocked (injected) ० U+0966 blocked (injected) ০ U+09E6 blocked (injected) ૦ U+0AE6 blocked (injected) +4 more
๑ U+0E51 THAI DIGIT ONE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 1 U+0031 blocked (injected) ١ U+0661 blocked (injected) ۱ U+06F1 blocked (injected) १ U+0967 blocked (injected) ১ U+09E7 blocked (injected) ૧ U+0AE7 blocked (injected) +4 more
๒ U+0E52 THAI DIGIT TWO Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 2 U+0032 blocked (injected) ٢ U+0662 blocked (injected) ۲ U+06F2 blocked (injected) २ U+0968 blocked (injected) ২ U+09E8 blocked (injected) ર U+0AB0 blocked (injected) +5 more
๓ U+0E53 THAI DIGIT THREE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 3 U+0033 blocked (injected) ٣ U+0663 blocked (injected) ۳ U+06F3 blocked (injected) ३ U+0969 blocked (injected) ৩ U+09E9 blocked (injected) ૩ U+0AE9 blocked (injected) +4 more
๔ U+0E54 THAI DIGIT FOUR Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 4 U+0034 blocked (injected) ٤ U+0664 blocked (injected) ۴ U+06F4 blocked (injected) ४ U+096A blocked (injected) ৪ U+09EA blocked (injected) ૪ U+0AEA blocked (injected) +4 more
๕ U+0E55 THAI DIGIT FIVE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 5 U+0035 blocked (injected) ٥ U+0665 blocked (injected) ۵ U+06F5 blocked (injected) ५ U+096B blocked (injected) ৫ U+09EB blocked (injected) પ U+0AAA blocked (injected) +5 more
๖ U+0E56 THAI DIGIT SIX Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 6 U+0036 blocked (injected) ٦ U+0666 blocked (injected) ۶ U+06F6 blocked (injected) ६ U+096C blocked (injected) ৬ U+09EC blocked (injected) ૬ U+0AEC blocked (injected) +4 more
๗ U+0E57 THAI DIGIT SEVEN Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 7 U+0037 blocked (injected) ٧ U+0667 blocked (injected) ۷ U+06F7 blocked (injected) ७ U+096D blocked (injected) ৭ U+09ED blocked (injected) ૭ U+0AED blocked (injected) +4 more
๘ U+0E58 THAI DIGIT EIGHT Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 8 U+0038 blocked (injected) ٨ U+0668 blocked (injected) ۸ U+06F8 blocked (injected) ८ U+096E blocked (injected) ৮ U+09EE blocked (injected) ૮ U+0AEE blocked (injected) +4 more
๙ U+0E59 THAI DIGIT NINE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 9 U+0039 blocked (injected) ٩ U+0669 blocked (injected) ۹ U+06F9 blocked (injected) ९ U+096F blocked (injected) ৯ U+09EF blocked (injected) ૯ U+0AEF blocked (injected) +4 more
໐ U+0ED0 LAO DIGIT ZERO Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 0 U+0030 blocked (injected) ٠ U+0660 blocked (injected) ۰ U+06F0 blocked (injected) ० U+0966 blocked (injected) ০ U+09E6 blocked (injected) ૦ U+0AE6 blocked (injected) +4 more
໑ U+0ED1 LAO DIGIT ONE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 1 U+0031 blocked (injected) ١ U+0661 blocked (injected) ۱ U+06F1 blocked (injected) १ U+0967 blocked (injected) ১ U+09E7 blocked (injected) ૧ U+0AE7 blocked (injected) +4 more
໒ U+0ED2 LAO DIGIT TWO Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 2 U+0032 blocked (injected) ٢ U+0662 blocked (injected) ۲ U+06F2 blocked (injected) २ U+0968 blocked (injected) ২ U+09E8 blocked (injected) ર U+0AB0 blocked (injected) +5 more
໓ U+0ED3 LAO DIGIT THREE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 3 U+0033 blocked (injected) ٣ U+0663 blocked (injected) ۳ U+06F3 blocked (injected) ३ U+0969 blocked (injected) ৩ U+09E9 blocked (injected) ૩ U+0AE9 blocked (injected) +4 more
໔ U+0ED4 LAO DIGIT FOUR Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 4 U+0034 blocked (injected) ٤ U+0664 blocked (injected) ۴ U+06F4 blocked (injected) ४ U+096A blocked (injected) ৪ U+09EA blocked (injected) ૪ U+0AEA blocked (injected) +4 more
໕ U+0ED5 LAO DIGIT FIVE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 5 U+0035 blocked (injected) ٥ U+0665 blocked (injected) ۵ U+06F5 blocked (injected) ५ U+096B blocked (injected) ৫ U+09EB blocked (injected) પ U+0AAA blocked (injected) +5 more
໖ U+0ED6 LAO DIGIT SIX Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 6 U+0036 blocked (injected) ٦ U+0666 blocked (injected) ۶ U+06F6 blocked (injected) ६ U+096C blocked (injected) ৬ U+09EC blocked (injected) ૬ U+0AEC blocked (injected) +4 more
໗ U+0ED7 LAO DIGIT SEVEN Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 7 U+0037 blocked (injected) ٧ U+0667 blocked (injected) ۷ U+06F7 blocked (injected) ७ U+096D blocked (injected) ৭ U+09ED blocked (injected) ૭ U+0AED blocked (injected) +4 more
໘ U+0ED8 LAO DIGIT EIGHT Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 8 U+0038 blocked (injected) ٨ U+0668 blocked (injected) ۸ U+06F8 blocked (injected) ८ U+096E blocked (injected) ৮ U+09EE blocked (injected) ૮ U+0AEE blocked (injected) +4 more
໙ U+0ED9 LAO DIGIT NINE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 9 U+0039 blocked (injected) ٩ U+0669 blocked (injected) ۹ U+06F9 blocked (injected) ९ U+096F blocked (injected) ৯ U+09EF blocked (injected) ૯ U+0AEF blocked (injected) +4 more
၀ U+1040 MYANMAR DIGIT ZERO Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 0 U+0030 blocked (injected) ٠ U+0660 blocked (injected) ۰ U+06F0 blocked (injected) ० U+0966 blocked (injected) ০ U+09E6 blocked (injected) ૦ U+0AE6 blocked (injected) +4 more
၁ U+1041 MYANMAR DIGIT ONE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 1 U+0031 blocked (injected) ١ U+0661 blocked (injected) ۱ U+06F1 blocked (injected) १ U+0967 blocked (injected) ১ U+09E7 blocked (injected) ૧ U+0AE7 blocked (injected) +4 more
၂ U+1042 MYANMAR DIGIT TWO Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 2 U+0032 blocked (injected) ٢ U+0662 blocked (injected) ۲ U+06F2 blocked (injected) २ U+0968 blocked (injected) ২ U+09E8 blocked (injected) ર U+0AB0 blocked (injected) +5 more
၃ U+1043 MYANMAR DIGIT THREE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 3 U+0033 blocked (injected) ٣ U+0663 blocked (injected) ۳ U+06F3 blocked (injected) ३ U+0969 blocked (injected) ৩ U+09E9 blocked (injected) ૩ U+0AE9 blocked (injected) +4 more
၄ U+1044 MYANMAR DIGIT FOUR Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 4 U+0034 blocked (injected) ٤ U+0664 blocked (injected) ۴ U+06F4 blocked (injected) ४ U+096A blocked (injected) ৪ U+09EA blocked (injected) ૪ U+0AEA blocked (injected) +4 more
၅ U+1045 MYANMAR DIGIT FIVE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 5 U+0035 blocked (injected) ٥ U+0665 blocked (injected) ۵ U+06F5 blocked (injected) ५ U+096B blocked (injected) ৫ U+09EB blocked (injected) પ U+0AAA blocked (injected) +5 more
၆ U+1046 MYANMAR DIGIT SIX Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 6 U+0036 blocked (injected) ٦ U+0666 blocked (injected) ۶ U+06F6 blocked (injected) ६ U+096C blocked (injected) ৬ U+09EC blocked (injected) ૬ U+0AEC blocked (injected) +4 more
၇ U+1047 MYANMAR DIGIT SEVEN Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 7 U+0037 blocked (injected) ٧ U+0667 blocked (injected) ۷ U+06F7 blocked (injected) ७ U+096D blocked (injected) ৭ U+09ED blocked (injected) ૭ U+0AED blocked (injected) +4 more
၈ U+1048 MYANMAR DIGIT EIGHT Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 8 U+0038 blocked (injected) ٨ U+0668 blocked (injected) ۸ U+06F8 blocked (injected) ८ U+096E blocked (injected) ৮ U+09EE blocked (injected) ૮ U+0AEE blocked (injected) +4 more
၉ U+1049 MYANMAR DIGIT NINE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 9 U+0039 blocked (injected) ٩ U+0669 blocked (injected) ۹ U+06F9 blocked (injected) ९ U+096F blocked (injected) ৯ U+09EF blocked (injected) ૯ U+0AEF blocked (injected) +4 more
០ U+17E0 KHMER DIGIT ZERO Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 0 U+0030 blocked (injected) ٠ U+0660 blocked (injected) ۰ U+06F0 blocked (injected) ० U+0966 blocked (injected) ০ U+09E6 blocked (injected) ૦ U+0AE6 blocked (injected) +4 more
១ U+17E1 KHMER DIGIT ONE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 1 U+0031 blocked (injected) ١ U+0661 blocked (injected) ۱ U+06F1 blocked (injected) १ U+0967 blocked (injected) ১ U+09E7 blocked (injected) ૧ U+0AE7 blocked (injected) +4 more
២ U+17E2 KHMER DIGIT TWO Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 2 U+0032 blocked (injected) ٢ U+0662 blocked (injected) ۲ U+06F2 blocked (injected) २ U+0968 blocked (injected) ২ U+09E8 blocked (injected) ર U+0AB0 blocked (injected) +5 more
៣ U+17E3 KHMER DIGIT THREE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 3 U+0033 blocked (injected) ٣ U+0663 blocked (injected) ۳ U+06F3 blocked (injected) ३ U+0969 blocked (injected) ৩ U+09E9 blocked (injected) ૩ U+0AE9 blocked (injected) +4 more
៤ U+17E4 KHMER DIGIT FOUR Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 4 U+0034 blocked (injected) ٤ U+0664 blocked (injected) ۴ U+06F4 blocked (injected) ४ U+096A blocked (injected) ৪ U+09EA blocked (injected) ૪ U+0AEA blocked (injected) +4 more
៥ U+17E5 KHMER DIGIT FIVE Not part of repertoire (injected) variant target only 5 U+0035 blocked (injected) ٥ U+0665 blocked (injected) ۵ U+06F5 blocked (injected) ५ U+096B blocked (injected) ৫ U+09EB blocked (injected) પ U+0AAA blocked (injected) +5 more

Identity mappings, where a code point is declared a variant of itself, are required by RFC 7940 and are omitted here. 1393 variant records are declared in total.

Variants

Code points grouped into sets of mutual variants. Every member of a set produces the same set of variant labels, so a registration of one has implications for all the others. Sets of a single member are omitted, as are the identity mappings RFC 7940 requires each member to declare.

List
53 variant sets, containing 1272 variants.

Character classes

Named sets of code points that the rules below refer to.

NameDefinition
C {tag Consonant} Any Devanagari consonant
C1 {tag C1} Consonants followed by Devanagari Nukta
V {tag Vowel} Any Devanagari independent vowel
V1 {tag V1} Vowels followed by Devanagari Nukta (Required for Santali language)
M {tag Matra} Any Devanagari vowel sign (matra)
M1 {tag M1} Matras followed by Devanagari Nukta (Required for Santali language)
H {tag Halant} The Devanagari Halant (VIRAMA)
N {tag Nukta} The Devanagari Nukta
common-digits {tag Common-digit} Digits from the ASCII range MSR default
devanagari-digits {tag Devanagari-digit} Devanagari digits

Rules

Conditions evaluated against a whole label, or against the context around a single code point. The notation borrows from regular expressions: ^ and $ anchor to the start and end of a label, . matches any code point, (?= ) and (?<= ) look ahead and behind, and * and + repeat. Two symbols are specific to rulesets: ◆ is the code point being tested, and ⟨name⟩ refers to another rule.

leading-combining-mark MSR default 150

RFC 5891 restrictions on placement of combining marks

^ ({gc:Mn} ∪ {gc:Mc})
Structure
  • ^ start
  • ({gc:Mn} ∪ {gc:Mc}) union
    • {gc:Mn} class
    • {gc:Mc} class
Referenced by 1 definition
  • action 1 (invalid)

hyphen-minus-sequence-disallowed

variant context rule for sequences starting with U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS

( ( (?<= ^ ) ◆ ) │ ( (?<= ^ . . U+002D ) ◆ ) )
Structure
  • ( ( (?<= ^ ) ◆ ) │ ( (?<= ^ . . U+002D ) ◆ ) ) choice
    • (?<= ^ ) ◆ rule no leading hyphen
      • (?<= ^ ) look-behind
        • ^ start
      • ◆ anchor
    • (?<= ^ . . U+002D ) ◆ rule no consecutive hyphens in third and fourth position in the label
      • (?<= ^ . . U+002D ) look-behind
        • ^ start
        • . any
        • . any
        • U+002D char hyphen-minus
      • ◆ anchor
Referenced by 6 definitions
  • negative context of U+002D U+092F
  • negative variant condition on U+002D U+092F
  • negative context of U+002D U+0939
  • negative variant condition on U+002D U+0939
  • negative variant condition on U+0931 U+094D U+092F
  • negative variant condition on U+0931 U+094D U+0939

hyphen-minus-disallowed MSR default 150

RFC 5891 restrictions on placement of U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS

( ( (?<= ^ ) ◆ ) │ ( ◆ (?= $ ) ) │ ( (?<= ^ . . U+002D ) ◆ ) )
Structure
  • ( ( (?<= ^ ) ◆ ) │ ( ◆ (?= $ ) ) │ ( (?<= ^ . . U+002D ) ◆ ) ) choice
    • (?<= ^ ) ◆ rule no leading hyphen
      • (?<= ^ ) look-behind
        • ^ start
      • ◆ anchor
    • ◆ (?= $ ) rule no trailing hyphen
      • ◆ anchor
      • (?= $ ) look-ahead
        • $ end
    • (?<= ^ . . U+002D ) ◆ rule no consecutive hyphens in third and fourth position in the label
      • (?<= ^ . . U+002D ) look-behind
        • ^ start
        • . any
        • . any
        • U+002D char hyphen-minus
      • ◆ anchor
Referenced by 1 definition
  • negative context of U+002D

follows-either-C1-V1-or-M1

Section 7, WLE 1: Rule for Nukta which restricts its preceding characters

(?<= ( {C1} │ {M1} │ {V1} ) ) ◆
Structure
  • (?<= ( {C1} │ {M1} │ {V1} ) ) look-behind
    • ( {C1} │ {M1} │ {V1} ) choice
      • {C1} class
      • {M1} class
      • {V1} class
  • ◆ anchor
Referenced by 1 definition
  • context of U+093C

follows-C-or-CN

Section 7, WLE 2, 3: Halant or matra characters can only be preceded by consonant or a Nukta which is preceded by a consonant

(?<= ( {C} │ ( {C} {N} ) ) ) ◆
Structure
  • (?<= ( {C} │ ( {C} {N} ) ) ) look-behind
    • ( {C} │ ( {C} {N} ) ) choice
      • {C} class
      • {C} {N} rule nukta-preceded-by-consonant
        • {C} class
        • {N} class
  • ◆ anchor
Referenced by 30 definitions
  • variant condition on U+0901
  • context of U+093A
  • context of U+093B
  • context of U+093E
  • context of U+093E U+0901
  • context of U+093E U+0902
  • context of U+093E U+093C
  • context of U+093E U+093C U+0901
  • context of U+093E U+093C U+0902
  • context of U+093F
  • context of U+0940
  • context of U+0941
  • and 18 more

follows-V-or-C-or-N-or-M

Section 7, WLE 4, 5, 6: Anusvara, Candrabindu or Visarga characters can only be preceded by either vowel or consonant or Nukta or matra

(?<= ( {V} │ {C} │ {N} │ {M} ) ) ◆
Structure
  • (?<= ( {V} │ {C} │ {N} │ {M} ) ) look-behind
    • ( {V} │ {C} │ {N} │ {M} ) choice
      • {V} class
      • {C} class
      • {N} class
      • {M} class
  • ◆ anchor
Referenced by 3 definitions
  • context of U+0901
  • context of U+0902
  • context of U+0903

preceded-by-H

Section 7, WLE 7: A vowel is not allowed to follow an H

(?<= {H} ) ◆
Structure
  • (?<= {H} ) look-behind
    • {H} class
  • ◆ anchor
Referenced by 33 definitions
  • negative context of U+0905
  • negative context of U+0905 U+0901
  • negative context of U+0905 U+0902
  • negative context of U+0906
  • negative context of U+0906 U+0901
  • negative context of U+0906 U+0902
  • negative context of U+0906 U+093C
  • negative context of U+0906 U+093C U+0901
  • negative context of U+0906 U+093C U+0902
  • negative context of U+0907
  • negative context of U+0908
  • negative context of U+0909
  • and 21 more

followed-by-N

Section 6.4.1, Variant Context Rule for Nukta: Variant not to be generated when followed by Nukta.

◆ (?= {N} )
Structure
  • ◆ anchor
  • (?= {N} ) look-ahead
    • {N} class
Referenced by 8 definitions
  • negative variant condition on U+0906
  • negative variant condition on U+0906 U+093C
  • negative variant condition on U+0913
  • negative variant condition on U+0913 U+093C
  • negative variant condition on U+093E
  • negative variant condition on U+093E U+093C
  • negative variant condition on U+094B
  • negative variant condition on U+094B U+093C

followed-by-V-C-or-end

Section 6.1.2, Variant to be generateed when followed by V or C (including RRA) or end of label

◆ (?= ( {V} │ {C} │ U+0931 │ $ ) )
Structure
  • ◆ anchor
  • (?= ( {V} │ {C} │ U+0931 │ $ ) ) look-ahead
    • ( {V} │ {C} │ U+0931 │ $ ) choice
      • {V} class
      • {C} class
      • U+0931 char
      • $ end
Referenced by 12 definitions
  • variant condition on U+0906 U+0902
  • variant condition on U+0906 U+0902
  • variant condition on U+0906 U+093C U+0902
  • variant condition on U+0906 U+093C U+0902
  • variant condition on U+093B
  • variant condition on U+093B
  • variant condition on U+093E U+0902
  • variant condition on U+093E U+0902
  • variant condition on U+093E U+093C U+0902
  • variant condition on U+093E U+093C U+0902
  • variant condition on U+0974
  • variant condition on U+0974

digit-mixing

restrictions on mixing digits

( ( {common-digits} .* {devanagari-digits} ) │ ( {devanagari-digits} .* {common-digits} ) )
Structure
  • ( ( {common-digits} .* {devanagari-digits} ) │ ( {devanagari-digits} .* {common-digits} ) ) choice
    • {common-digits} .* {devanagari-digits} rule
      • {common-digits} class
      • .* any
      • {devanagari-digits} class
    • {devanagari-digits} .* {common-digits} rule
      • {devanagari-digits} class
      • .* any
      • {common-digits} class
Referenced by 1 definition
  • action 2 (invalid)

Common--surrounded-by-L MSR default

code point both follows and precedes L, required context for Ela Geminada (injected, but possibly optional)

(?<= U+006C ) ◆ (?= U+006C )
Structure
  • (?<= U+006C ) look-behind
    • U+006C char
  • ◆ anchor
  • (?= U+006C ) look-ahead
    • U+006C char
Referenced by 2 definitions
  • variant condition on U+002D
  • variant condition on U+00B7

Actions

Actions are evaluated in the order shown. The first action whose conditions match determines the disposition of the label.

# Disposition Conditions
1 invalid label matches leading-combining-mark 150 labels with leading combining marks are invalid MSR default
2 invalid label matches digit-mixing a label violating the restriction on digit mixing is invalid
3 invalid any variant is out-of-repertoire-var any variant label with a code point out of repertoire is invalid MSR default
4 blocked any variant is blocked any variant label containing blocked variants is blocked MSR default
5 allocatable all variants are allocatable variant labels with all variants allocatable are allocatable MSR default
6 valid any label default catch all (default action) MSR default

References

RefSource
0 The Unicode Standard, Version 1.1
Any code point originally encoded in Unicode Version 1.1
8 The Unicode Standard, Version 5.0
Any code point originally encoded in Unicode Version 5.0
9 The Unicode Standard, Version 5.1
Any code point originally encoded in Unicode Version 5.1
11 The Unicode Standard, Version 6.0
Any code point originally encoded in Unicode Version 6.0
100 Devanāgarī VIP Team, “Variant Issues Report”, ICANN 3 Oct. 2011, https://archive.icann.org/en/topics/new-gtlds/devanagari-vip-issues-report-03oct11-en.pdf (Accessed on 10 Oct. 2017)
101 Omniglot, “Hindi”, https://www.omniglot.com/writing/hindi.htm (Accessed on 10 Oct. 2017)
102 Omniglot, “Marathi”, https://www.omniglot.com/writing/marathi.htm (Accessed on 10 Oct. 2017)
103 Omniglot, “Sanskrit”, https://www.omniglot.com/writing/sanskrit.htm (Accessed on 10 Oct. 2017)
104 Omniglot, “Sindhi”, https://www.omniglot.com/writing/sindhi.htm (Accessed on 10 Oct. 2017)
105 Omniglot, “Kashmiri”, https://www.omniglot.com/writing/kashmiri.htm (Accessed on 10 Oct. 2017)
106 Unicode 10.0.0, “South and Central Asia-I - Official Scripts of India”, Page 456 (R5 and R5a), https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode10.0.0/ch12.pdf (Accessed on 13 Nov. 2017)
107 Unicode Indic Group, “Comments on PRI 65: Devanagari Eyelash Ra”, L2/05-147, https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2005/05147-muller-pri65.pdf (Accessed on 13 Jun. 2019)
108 M.K. Raina, “How to read and write Kashmiri in Devanagari?”, https://www.koshur.org/pdf/Let%20Us%20Learn%20Kashmiri.pdf (Accessed on 12 Dec. 2017)
109 Central Hindi Directorate-Ministry of HRD-Govt. of India, “Devanāgarī Alphabet and its Romanization”, https://hindinideshalaya.nic.in/english/hindi_orgin/devnagarithesysmbols.html archived 6 June 2018 at the Wayback Machine https://web.archive.org
110 Omniglot, “Bodo”, https://www.omniglot.com/writing/bodo.htm (Accessed on 12 Dec. 2017)
111 Omniglot, “Maithili”, https://www.omniglot.com/writing/maithili.htm (Accessed on 12 Dec. 2017)
112 Omniglot, “Konkani”, https://www.omniglot.com/writing/konkani.htm (Accessed on 20 May 2018)
113 Omniglot, “Nepali”, https://www.omniglot.com/writing/nepali.htm (Accessed on 20 May 2018)
114 Generation Panel experts, private communication during review
150 RFC 5891, Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA): Protocol https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5891