Japanese
Root Zone Label Generation Rules, 6th Edition Current
Download rz-lgr-6-japanese-script-23sep25-en.xml Summary
| Version | 6 — Root Zone LGR for the Japanese Script |
|---|---|
| Date | |
| Tag |
und-Jpan (Japanese)
|
| Unicode | 16.0.0 |
| Scope | DNS root zone |
| Source file | rz-lgr-6-japanese-script-23sep25-en.xml (459.4kb) |
Description
Root Zone Label Generation Rules for the Japanese Script
Overview
This file contains a set of Label Generation Rules (LGR) for the Japanese script for the Root Zone. For more details on this LGR and additional background on the script, see “Proposal for a Japanese Script Root Zone LGR” [Proposal-Japanese], including the appendices [Proposal-Japanese-Appendices]. The Repertoire for the Japanese script combines elements from three Unicode scripts: Han (Kanji), Hiragana and Katakana. This file is one of a set of LGR files that together form an integrated LGR for the DNS Root Zone [RZ-LGR-6]. The format of this file follows [RFC 7940].
Repertoire
The repertoire includes 6,356 Han characters, 85 Hiragana characters, 89 Katakana characters, and 2 Common (quasi-Kanji) characters for a total of 6,532 repertoire elements. One of the common characters is shared between Han, Hiragana, and Katakana, while the other one is shared between Hiragana and Katakana. For more details, see Section 5, “Repertoire” in [Proposal-Japanese].
The repertoire contains code points used in writing the Japanese language using a limited repertoire as would be appropriate for the Root Zone. Each code point in the repertoire is part of JIS X 0208:1997 [100], which is also the basis for Japanese IDNs on the second level.
Read the rest of the description Show less
The repertoire is contained in [MSR-6], which is a subset of [Unicode 16.0.0].
As part of the Root Zone, this LGR includes neither decimal digits nor the HYPHEN-MINUS.
Repertoire Listing: Each code point or range is tagged with the script or scripts with which the code point is used. For each repertoire element, one or more references document sufficient justification for inclusion in the repertoire; see the “References” below.
Character Classes
This LGR defines no named character classes.
Variants
According to Sections 6 and 7 of [Proposal-Japanese] the LGR defines visually identical variants within the Japanese script.
Additional Variants: This LGR inherits additional blocked cross-script variants by integration; they may not be listed here unless they result in in-script variants. See the merged, Common LGR [RZ-LGR-6] for details of all applicable cross-script variants, including any not listed here; always use the Common LGR for determining cross-script collisions of labels. For example, this LGR includes all in-script variants acquired through integration with the Chinese RZ-LGR [CLGR] and Korean RZ-LGR [KLGR].
Variant Disposition: All variants are of type “blocked”, making labels that differ only by these variants mutually exclusive: whichever label containing either of these variants is chosen earlier would be delegated, while any other equivalent labels should be blocked. There is no preference among these labels.
This LGR does not define allocatable variants.
The specification of variants in the Root Zone LGR follows the guidelines in [RFC 8228].
Source References for Variants
The following source references are used for variant entries in this LGR:
- [101] - visually identical variants within the Japanese script
- [300] - in-repertoire variants originating from the Chinese LGR [CLGR]
Whole Label Evaluation (WLE) and Context Rules
Default Whole Label Evaluation Rules and Actions
The LGR includes the set of required default WLE rules and actions applicable to the Root Zone and defined in [MSR-6]. They are marked with ⍟. The actions compute a label disposition based on WLE rules or variant mapping types.
Japanese-specific Context Rules
As described in Section 8 in [Proposal-Japanese], the Japanese LGR defines a single context rule for marks that cannot start a label.
- at-start-of-label — No small kana, iteration mark or prolonged sound mark may start a label.
Iteration marks: The iteration marks, U+309D, U+309E, U+30FD, and U+30FE, are used to reiterate the pronunciation the preceding character, while the U+3005 IDEOGRAPHIC ITERATION MARK repeats the meaning of the preceding character. As such, these characters have neither particular pronunciation nor meanings by themselves. They also should not be applied to a closing mark U+3006, except that U+3005 IDEOGRAPHIC ITERATION MARK may follow U+3006 IDEOGRAPHIC CLOSING MARK in the popular combination 〆々 "shimeshime".
Similar considerations apply to U+30FC KATAKANA-HIRAGANA PROLONGED SOUND MARK. Accordingly, any sequence consisting of any combination of two or more iteration marks and/or the prolonged sound mark has no meaning and is disallowed by the following WLE rule and corresponding action:
- repeated-mark — repeated iteration or prolonged sound marks, or such marks following a closing mark are disallowed, except U+3006 IDEOGRAPHIC CLOSING MARK may be repeated and follow any of the other marks, and U+3005 IDEOGRAPHIC ITERATION MARK may follow a closing mark.
Methodology and Contributors
The Root Zone LGR for the Japanese Script was developed by the Japanese Generation Panel. For details on methodology and contributors, see Sections 4 and 9 in [Proposal-Japanese], as well as [RZ-LGR-6-Overview].
Changes from RZ LGR-5
A WLE rule and action were added in RZ LGR-6 to ensure that iteration marks and the prolonged sound mark are not repeated and do not follow U+3006. This may affect the validity of labels if they erroneously contain more than one of these symbols in an invalid combination. For the prior version see [RZ-LGR-5-Jpan].
References
References [0] and up refer to the Unicode Standard versions in which corresponding code points were initially encoded. For example, a reference value of [0] means a character was first encoded in Unicode Version 1.1. References [100] and up indicate that the code point is included in one of the following source references: JIS X 0208:1997, Survey on the user perception of the homographic character set specified by JGP, CLGR repertoire, and KLGR repertoire. For example, a reference value of [300] means a code point listed here is included in the CLGR repertoire. References cited for variants indicate whether variant mappings match a source reference in mapping, variant type or both. Entries in the table may have multiple source reference values.
In addition, the following general references are cited in this document:
- [CLGR]
- Root Zone Label Generation Rules for Chinese, 26 May 2020, https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/proposal-chinese-lgr-26may20-en.xml
- [KLGR]
- Root Zone Label Generation Rules for Korean, 1 May 2021, https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/proposal-korean-lgr-01may21-en.xml
- [MSR-6]
- Integration Panel, “Maximal Starting Repertoire — MSR-6 Overview and Rationale”, 23 September 2025, https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/msr-6-overview-23sep25-en.pdf
- [Proposal-Japanese]
- Japanese Script Generation Panel (JGP), “Proposal for a Japanese Script Root Zone LGR”, 20 December 2021, https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/proposal-japanese-lgr-20dec21-en.pdf
- [Proposal-Japanese-Appendices]
- Appendices to “Proposal for a Japanese Script Root Zone LGR”, 20 December 2021 (ZIP), https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/proposal-japanese-lgr-appendices-20dec21-en.zip
- [RFC 7940]
- Davies, K. and A. Freytag, “Representing Label Generation Rulesets Using XML”, RFC 7940, August 2016, https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7940
- [RFC 8228]
- A. Freytag, “Guidance on Designing Label Generation Rulesets (LGRs) Supporting Variant Labels”, RFC 8228, August 2017, https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8228
- [RZ-LGR-5-Jpan]
- ICANN, Root Zone Label Generation Rules for the Japanese Script (und-Jpan), Version 5, 26 May 2022 (XML)
https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/lgr/rz-lgr-5-japanese-script-26may22-en.xml
non-normative HTML presentation: https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/lgr/rz-lgr-5-japanese-script-26may22-en.html - [RZ-LGR-6-Overview]
- Integration Panel, “Root Zone Label Generation Rules (RZ LGR-6): Overview and Summary”, 23 September 2025, https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/lgr/rz-lgr-6-overview-23sep25-en.pdf
- [RZ-LGR-6]
- Integration Panel, “Root Zone Label Generation Rules (RZ-LGR-6)”, 23 September 2025 (XML), https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/lgr/rz-lgr-6-common-23sep25-en.xml
non-normative HTML presentation: https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/lgr/rz-lgr-6-common-23sep25-en.html - [Unicode 16.0.0]
- The Unicode Consortium. The Unicode Standard, Version 16.0.0, (South San Francisco: The Unicode Consortium, 2024. ISBN 978-1-936213-34-4) https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode16.0.0/
For references consulted, particularly in designing the repertoire for the Japanese script for the Root Zone, please see details in the Table of References below. Reference [0] refers to the Unicode Standard version in which corresponding code points were initially encoded. References [100] and above corresponds to a source given in [Proposal-Japanese] for justifying the inclusion of the corresponding code points and variants. Entries in the table may have multiple source reference values. If links to certain references are not available, the data may be archived as part of [Proposal-Japanese].
Repertoire
| Glyph | Code point | Tags and context | Variants |
|---|---|---|---|
| 々 | U+3005 IDEOGRAPHIC ITERATION MARK 0 100 |
 ideographic-iterationsc:Hani
 not at-start-of-label
|
|
| 〆 | U+3006 IDEOGRAPHIC CLOSING MARK 0 100 |
closing-marksc:Hanisc:Hirasc:Kana
|
|
| ぁ | U+3041 HIRAGANA LETTER SMALL A 0 100 |
sc:Hira
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| あ | U+3042 HIRAGANA LETTER A 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ぃ | U+3043 HIRAGANA LETTER SMALL I 0 100 |
sc:Hira
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| い | U+3044 HIRAGANA LETTER I 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ぅ | U+3045 HIRAGANA LETTER SMALL U 0 100 |
sc:Hira
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| う | U+3046 HIRAGANA LETTER U 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ぇ | U+3047 HIRAGANA LETTER SMALL E 0 100 |
sc:Hira
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| え | U+3048 HIRAGANA LETTER E 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ぉ | U+3049 HIRAGANA LETTER SMALL O 0 100 |
sc:Hira
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| お | U+304A HIRAGANA LETTER O 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| か | U+304B HIRAGANA LETTER KA 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| が | U+304C HIRAGANA LETTER GA 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| き | U+304D HIRAGANA LETTER KI 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ぎ | U+304E HIRAGANA LETTER GI 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| く | U+304F HIRAGANA LETTER KU 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ぐ | U+3050 HIRAGANA LETTER GU 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| け | U+3051 HIRAGANA LETTER KE 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| げ | U+3052 HIRAGANA LETTER GE 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| こ | U+3053 HIRAGANA LETTER KO 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ご | U+3054 HIRAGANA LETTER GO 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| さ | U+3055 HIRAGANA LETTER SA 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ざ | U+3056 HIRAGANA LETTER ZA 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| し | U+3057 HIRAGANA LETTER SI 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| じ | U+3058 HIRAGANA LETTER ZI 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| す | U+3059 HIRAGANA LETTER SU 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ず | U+305A HIRAGANA LETTER ZU 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| せ | U+305B HIRAGANA LETTER SE 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ぜ | U+305C HIRAGANA LETTER ZE 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| そ | U+305D HIRAGANA LETTER SO 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ぞ | U+305E HIRAGANA LETTER ZO 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| た | U+305F HIRAGANA LETTER TA 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| だ | U+3060 HIRAGANA LETTER DA 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ち | U+3061 HIRAGANA LETTER TI 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ぢ | U+3062 HIRAGANA LETTER DI 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| っ | U+3063 HIRAGANA LETTER SMALL TU 0 100 |
sc:Hira
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| つ | U+3064 HIRAGANA LETTER TU 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| づ | U+3065 HIRAGANA LETTER DU 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| て | U+3066 HIRAGANA LETTER TE 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| で | U+3067 HIRAGANA LETTER DE 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| と | U+3068 HIRAGANA LETTER TO 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ど | U+3069 HIRAGANA LETTER DO 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| な | U+306A HIRAGANA LETTER NA 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| に | U+306B HIRAGANA LETTER NI 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ぬ | U+306C HIRAGANA LETTER NU 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ね | U+306D HIRAGANA LETTER NE 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| の | U+306E HIRAGANA LETTER NO 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| は | U+306F HIRAGANA LETTER HA 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ば | U+3070 HIRAGANA LETTER BA 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ぱ | U+3071 HIRAGANA LETTER PA 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ひ | U+3072 HIRAGANA LETTER HI 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| び | U+3073 HIRAGANA LETTER BI 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ぴ | U+3074 HIRAGANA LETTER PI 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ふ | U+3075 HIRAGANA LETTER HU 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ぶ | U+3076 HIRAGANA LETTER BU 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ぷ | U+3077 HIRAGANA LETTER PU 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| へ | U+3078 HIRAGANA LETTER HE 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
ヘ
U+30D8
blocked
|
| べ | U+3079 HIRAGANA LETTER BE 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
ベ
U+30D9
blocked
|
| ぺ | U+307A HIRAGANA LETTER PE 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
ペ
U+30DA
blocked
|
| ほ | U+307B HIRAGANA LETTER HO 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ぼ | U+307C HIRAGANA LETTER BO 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ぽ | U+307D HIRAGANA LETTER PO 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ま | U+307E HIRAGANA LETTER MA 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| み | U+307F HIRAGANA LETTER MI 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| む | U+3080 HIRAGANA LETTER MU 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| め | U+3081 HIRAGANA LETTER ME 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| も | U+3082 HIRAGANA LETTER MO 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ゃ | U+3083 HIRAGANA LETTER SMALL YA 0 100 |
sc:Hira
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| や | U+3084 HIRAGANA LETTER YA 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ゅ | U+3085 HIRAGANA LETTER SMALL YU 0 100 |
sc:Hira
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| ゆ | U+3086 HIRAGANA LETTER YU 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ょ | U+3087 HIRAGANA LETTER SMALL YO 0 100 |
sc:Hira
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| よ | U+3088 HIRAGANA LETTER YO 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ら | U+3089 HIRAGANA LETTER RA 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| り | U+308A HIRAGANA LETTER RI 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| る | U+308B HIRAGANA LETTER RU 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| れ | U+308C HIRAGANA LETTER RE 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ろ | U+308D HIRAGANA LETTER RO 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ゎ | U+308E HIRAGANA LETTER SMALL WA 0 100 |
sc:Hira
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| わ | U+308F HIRAGANA LETTER WA 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ゐ | U+3090 HIRAGANA LETTER WI 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ゑ | U+3091 HIRAGANA LETTER WE 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| を | U+3092 HIRAGANA LETTER WO 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ん | U+3093 HIRAGANA LETTER N 0 100 |
sc:Hira
|
|
| ゝ | U+309D HIRAGANA ITERATION MARK 0 100 |
iteration-marksc:Hira
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| ゞ | U+309E HIRAGANA VOICED ITERATION MARK 0 100 |
iteration-marksc:Hira
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| ァ | U+30A1 KATAKANA LETTER SMALL A 0 100 |
sc:Kana
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| ア | U+30A2 KATAKANA LETTER A 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ィ | U+30A3 KATAKANA LETTER SMALL I 0 100 |
sc:Kana
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| イ | U+30A4 KATAKANA LETTER I 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ゥ | U+30A5 KATAKANA LETTER SMALL U 0 100 |
sc:Kana
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| ウ | U+30A6 KATAKANA LETTER U 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ェ | U+30A7 KATAKANA LETTER SMALL E 0 100 |
sc:Kana
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| エ | U+30A8 KATAKANA LETTER E 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
工
U+5DE5
blocked
|
| ォ | U+30A9 KATAKANA LETTER SMALL O 0 100 |
sc:Kana
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| オ | U+30AA KATAKANA LETTER O 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| カ | U+30AB KATAKANA LETTER KA 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
力
U+529B
blocked
|
| ガ | U+30AC KATAKANA LETTER GA 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| キ | U+30AD KATAKANA LETTER KI 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ギ | U+30AE KATAKANA LETTER GI 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ク | U+30AF KATAKANA LETTER KU 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| グ | U+30B0 KATAKANA LETTER GU 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ケ | U+30B1 KATAKANA LETTER KE 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ゲ | U+30B2 KATAKANA LETTER GE 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| コ | U+30B3 KATAKANA LETTER KO 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ゴ | U+30B4 KATAKANA LETTER GO 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| サ | U+30B5 KATAKANA LETTER SA 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ザ | U+30B6 KATAKANA LETTER ZA 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| シ | U+30B7 KATAKANA LETTER SI 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ジ | U+30B8 KATAKANA LETTER ZI 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ス | U+30B9 KATAKANA LETTER SU 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ズ | U+30BA KATAKANA LETTER ZU 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| セ | U+30BB KATAKANA LETTER SE 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ゼ | U+30BC KATAKANA LETTER ZE 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ソ | U+30BD KATAKANA LETTER SO 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ゾ | U+30BE KATAKANA LETTER ZO 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| タ | U+30BF KATAKANA LETTER TA 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
夕
U+5915
blocked
|
| ダ | U+30C0 KATAKANA LETTER DA 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| チ | U+30C1 KATAKANA LETTER TI 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ヂ | U+30C2 KATAKANA LETTER DI 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ッ | U+30C3 KATAKANA LETTER SMALL TU 0 100 |
sc:Kana
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| ツ | U+30C4 KATAKANA LETTER TU 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ヅ | U+30C5 KATAKANA LETTER DU 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| テ | U+30C6 KATAKANA LETTER TE 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| デ | U+30C7 KATAKANA LETTER DE 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ト | U+30C8 KATAKANA LETTER TO 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
卜
U+535C
blocked
蔔
U+8514
blocked
|
| ド | U+30C9 KATAKANA LETTER DO 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ナ | U+30CA KATAKANA LETTER NA 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ニ | U+30CB KATAKANA LETTER NI 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
二
U+4E8C
blocked
弍
U+5F0D
blocked
貮
U+8CAE
blocked
貳
U+8CB3
blocked
|
| ヌ | U+30CC KATAKANA LETTER NU 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ネ | U+30CD KATAKANA LETTER NE 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ノ | U+30CE KATAKANA LETTER NO 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ハ | U+30CF KATAKANA LETTER HA 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
八
U+516B
blocked
捌
U+634C
blocked
|
| バ | U+30D0 KATAKANA LETTER BA 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| パ | U+30D1 KATAKANA LETTER PA 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ヒ | U+30D2 KATAKANA LETTER HI 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ビ | U+30D3 KATAKANA LETTER BI 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ピ | U+30D4 KATAKANA LETTER PI 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| フ | U+30D5 KATAKANA LETTER HU 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ブ | U+30D6 KATAKANA LETTER BU 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| プ | U+30D7 KATAKANA LETTER PU 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ヘ | U+30D8 KATAKANA LETTER HE 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
へ
U+3078
blocked
|
| ベ | U+30D9 KATAKANA LETTER BE 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
べ
U+3079
blocked
|
| ペ | U+30DA KATAKANA LETTER PE 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
ぺ
U+307A
blocked
|
| ホ | U+30DB KATAKANA LETTER HO 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ボ | U+30DC KATAKANA LETTER BO 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ポ | U+30DD KATAKANA LETTER PO 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| マ | U+30DE KATAKANA LETTER MA 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ミ | U+30DF KATAKANA LETTER MI 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ム | U+30E0 KATAKANA LETTER MU 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| メ | U+30E1 KATAKANA LETTER ME 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| モ | U+30E2 KATAKANA LETTER MO 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ャ | U+30E3 KATAKANA LETTER SMALL YA 0 100 |
sc:Kana
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| ヤ | U+30E4 KATAKANA LETTER YA 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ュ | U+30E5 KATAKANA LETTER SMALL YU 0 100 |
sc:Kana
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| ユ | U+30E6 KATAKANA LETTER YU 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ョ | U+30E7 KATAKANA LETTER SMALL YO 0 100 |
sc:Kana
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| ヨ | U+30E8 KATAKANA LETTER YO 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ラ | U+30E9 KATAKANA LETTER RA 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| リ | U+30EA KATAKANA LETTER RI 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ル | U+30EB KATAKANA LETTER RU 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| レ | U+30EC KATAKANA LETTER RE 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ロ | U+30ED KATAKANA LETTER RO 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
口
U+53E3
blocked
|
| ヮ | U+30EE KATAKANA LETTER SMALL WA 0 100 |
sc:Kana
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| ワ | U+30EF KATAKANA LETTER WA 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ヰ | U+30F0 KATAKANA LETTER WI 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ヱ | U+30F1 KATAKANA LETTER WE 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ヲ | U+30F2 KATAKANA LETTER WO 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ン | U+30F3 KATAKANA LETTER N 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ヴ | U+30F4 KATAKANA LETTER VU 0 100 |
sc:Kana
|
|
| ヵ | U+30F5 KATAKANA LETTER SMALL KA 0 100 |
sc:Kana
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| ヶ | U+30F6 KATAKANA LETTER SMALL KE 0 100 |
sc:Kana
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| ー | U+30FC KATAKANA-HIRAGANA PROLONGED SOUND MARK 0 100 |
prolonged-soundsc:Hirasc:Kana
not at-start-of-label
|
一
U+4E00
blocked
壱
U+58F1
blocked
壹
U+58F9
blocked
弌
U+5F0C
blocked
|
| ヽ | U+30FD KATAKANA ITERATION MARK 0 100 |
iteration-marksc:Kana
not at-start-of-label
|
丶
U+4E36
blocked
|
| ヾ | U+30FE KATAKANA VOICED ITERATION MARK 0 100 |
iteration-marksc:Kana
not at-start-of-label
|
|
| 一 | U+4E00 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E00 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
ー
U+30FC
blocked
壱
U+58F1
blocked
壹
U+58F9
blocked
弌
U+5F0C
blocked
|
| 丁 | U+4E01 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E01 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 七 | U+4E03 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E03 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 万 | U+4E07 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E07 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
萬
U+842C
blocked
|
| 丈 | U+4E08 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E08 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 三 | U+4E09 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E09 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 上 | U+4E0A CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E0A 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 下 | U+4E0B CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E0B 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 不 | U+4E0D CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E0D 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 与 | U+4E0E CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E0E 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
與
U+8207
blocked
|
| 丐 | U+4E10 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E10 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 丑 | U+4E11 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E11 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
醜
U+919C
blocked
|
| 且 | U+4E14 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E14 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 丕 | U+4E15 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E15 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 世 | U+4E16 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E16 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
丗
U+4E17
blocked
|
| 丗 | U+4E17 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E17 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
世
U+4E16
blocked
|
| 丘 | U+4E18 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E18 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 丙 | U+4E19 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E19 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 丞 | U+4E1E CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E1E 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 両 | U+4E21 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E21 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
兩
U+5169
blocked
|
| 並 | U+4E26 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E26 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
併
U+4F75
blocked
并
U+5E76
blocked
竝
U+7ADD
blocked
|
| 个 | U+4E2A CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E2A 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
個
U+500B
blocked
箇
U+7B87
blocked
|
| 中 | U+4E2D CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E2D 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 丱 | U+4E31 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E31 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 串 | U+4E32 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E32 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 丶 | U+4E36 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E36 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
ヽ
U+30FD
blocked
|
| 丸 | U+4E38 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E38 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 丹 | U+4E39 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E39 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 主 | U+4E3B CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E3B 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 丼 | U+4E3C CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E3C 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
井
U+4E95
blocked
|
| 丿 | U+4E3F CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E3F 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 乂 | U+4E42 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E42 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 乃 | U+4E43 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E43 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
廼
U+5EFC
blocked
迺
U+8FFA
blocked
|
| 久 | U+4E45 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E45 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 之 | U+4E4B CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E4B 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 乍 | U+4E4D CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E4D 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 乎 | U+4E4E CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E4E 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 乏 | U+4E4F CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E4F 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 乕 | U+4E55 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E55 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 乖 | U+4E56 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E56 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 乗 | U+4E57 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E57 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
乘
U+4E58
blocked
|
| 乘 | U+4E58 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E58 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
乗
U+4E57
blocked
|
| 乙 | U+4E59 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E59 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 九 | U+4E5D CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E5D 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 乞 | U+4E5E CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E5E 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 也 | U+4E5F CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E5F 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 乢 | U+4E62 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E62 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 乱 | U+4E71 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E71 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
亂
U+4E82
blocked
|
| 乳 | U+4E73 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E73 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 乾 | U+4E7E CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E7E 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
干
U+5E72
blocked
幹
U+5E79
blocked
|
| 亀 | U+4E80 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E80 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
龜
U+9F9C
blocked
|
| 亂 | U+4E82 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E82 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
乱
U+4E71
blocked
|
| 亅 | U+4E85 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E85 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 了 | U+4E86 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E86 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
暸
U+66B8
blocked
瞭
U+77AD
blocked
|
| 予 | U+4E88 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E88 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 争 | U+4E89 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E89 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
爭
U+722D
blocked
|
| 亊 | U+4E8A CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E8A 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
事
U+4E8B
blocked
|
| 事 | U+4E8B CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E8B 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
亊
U+4E8A
blocked
|
| 二 | U+4E8C CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E8C 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
ニ
U+30CB
blocked
弍
U+5F0D
blocked
貮
U+8CAE
blocked
貳
U+8CB3
blocked
|
| 于 | U+4E8E CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E8E 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
於
U+65BC
blocked
|
| 云 | U+4E91 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E91 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
雲
U+96F2
blocked
|
| 互 | U+4E92 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E92 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 五 | U+4E94 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E94 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
伍
U+4F0D
blocked
|
| 井 | U+4E95 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E95 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
丼
U+4E3C
blocked
|
| 亘 | U+4E98 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E98 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
亙
U+4E99
blocked
|
| 亙 | U+4E99 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E99 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
亘
U+4E98
blocked
|
| 些 | U+4E9B CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E9B 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 亜 | U+4E9C CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E9C 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
亞
U+4E9E
blocked
|
| 亞 | U+4E9E CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E9E 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
亜
U+4E9C
blocked
|
| 亟 | U+4E9F CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E9F 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 亠 | U+4EA0 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EA0 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 亡 | U+4EA1 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EA1 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 亢 | U+4EA2 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EA2 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
|
| 交 | U+4EA4 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EA4 0 100 |
sc:Hani
|
Variants
Code points grouped into sets of mutual variants. Every member of a set produces the same set of variant labels, so a registration of one has implications for all the others. Sets of a single member are omitted, as are the identity mappings RFC 7940 requires each member to declare.
List
-
ニ二弍貮貳
Source Direction Target Disposition Ref Comment ニ U+30CB ↔ 二 U+4E8C blocked 101 ニ U+30CB ↔ 弍 U+5F0D blocked 300 ニ U+30CB ↔ 貮 U+8CAE blocked 300 ニ U+30CB ↔ 貳 U+8CB3 blocked 300 二 U+4E8C ↔ 弍 U+5F0D blocked 300 二 U+4E8C ↔ 貮 U+8CAE blocked 300 二 U+4E8C ↔ 貳 U+8CB3 blocked 300 弍 U+5F0D ↔ 貮 U+8CAE blocked 300 弍 U+5F0D ↔ 貳 U+8CB3 blocked 300 貮 U+8CAE ↔ 貳 U+8CB3 blocked 300 ↔ declared both ways ⇆ both ways, different disposition each way → one direction only
-
ー一壱壹弌
Source Direction Target Disposition Ref Comment ー U+30FC ↔ 一 U+4E00 blocked 101 ー U+30FC ↔ 壱 U+58F1 blocked 300 ー U+30FC ↔ 壹 U+58F9 blocked 300 ー U+30FC ↔ 弌 U+5F0C blocked 300 一 U+4E00 ↔ 壱 U+58F1 blocked 300 一 U+4E00 ↔ 壹 U+58F9 blocked 300 一 U+4E00 ↔ 弌 U+5F0C blocked 300 壱 U+58F1 ↔ 壹 U+58F9 blocked 300 壱 U+58F1 ↔ 弌 U+5F0C blocked 300 壹 U+58F9 ↔ 弌 U+5F0C blocked 300 ↔ declared both ways ⇆ both ways, different disposition each way → one direction only
-
剳扎札箚紮
Source Direction Target Disposition Ref Comment 剳 U+5273 ↔ 扎 U+624E blocked 300 剳 U+5273 ↔ 札 U+672D blocked 300 剳 U+5273 ↔ 箚 U+7B9A blocked 300 剳 U+5273 ↔ 紮 U+7D2E blocked 300 扎 U+624E ↔ 札 U+672D blocked 300 扎 U+624E ↔ 箚 U+7B9A blocked 300 扎 U+624E ↔ 紮 U+7D2E blocked 300 札 U+672D ↔ 箚 U+7B9A blocked 300 札 U+672D ↔ 紮 U+7D2E blocked 300 箚 U+7B9A ↔ 紮 U+7D2E blocked 300 ↔ declared both ways ⇆ both ways, different disposition each way → one direction only
-
懽歓歡讙驩
Source Direction Target Disposition Ref Comment 懽 U+61FD ↔ 歓 U+6B53 blocked 300 懽 U+61FD ↔ 歡 U+6B61 blocked 300 懽 U+61FD ↔ 讙 U+8B99 blocked 300 懽 U+61FD ↔ 驩 U+9A69 blocked 300 歓 U+6B53 ↔ 歡 U+6B61 blocked 300 歓 U+6B53 ↔ 讙 U+8B99 blocked 300 歓 U+6B53 ↔ 驩 U+9A69 blocked 300 歡 U+6B61 ↔ 讙 U+8B99 blocked 300 歡 U+6B61 ↔ 驩 U+9A69 blocked 300 讙 U+8B99 ↔ 驩 U+9A69 blocked 300 ↔ declared both ways ⇆ both ways, different disposition each way → one direction only
-
並併并竝
Source Direction Target Disposition Ref Comment 並 U+4E26 ↔ 併 U+4F75 blocked 300 並 U+4E26 ↔ 并 U+5E76 blocked 300 並 U+4E26 ↔ 竝 U+7ADD blocked 300 併 U+4F75 ↔ 并 U+5E76 blocked 300 併 U+4F75 ↔ 竝 U+7ADD blocked 300 并 U+5E76 ↔ 竝 U+7ADD blocked 300 ↔ declared both ways ⇆ both ways, different disposition each way → one direction only
-
仏佛彿髴
Source Direction Target Disposition Ref Comment 仏 U+4ECF ↔ 佛 U+4F5B blocked 300 仏 U+4ECF ↔ 彿 U+5F7F blocked 300 仏 U+4ECF ↔ 髴 U+9AF4 blocked 300 佛 U+4F5B ↔ 彿 U+5F7F blocked 300 佛 U+4F5B ↔ 髴 U+9AF4 blocked 300 彿 U+5F7F ↔ 髴 U+9AF4 blocked 300 ↔ declared both ways ⇆ both ways, different disposition each way → one direction only
-
体躰軆體
Source Direction Target Disposition Ref Comment 体 U+4F53 ↔ 躰 U+8EB0 blocked 300 体 U+4F53 ↔ 軆 U+8EC6 blocked 300 体 U+4F53 ↔ 體 U+9AD4 blocked 300 躰 U+8EB0 ↔ 軆 U+8EC6 blocked 300 躰 U+8EB0 ↔ 體 U+9AD4 blocked 300 軆 U+8EC6 ↔ 體 U+9AD4 blocked 300 ↔ declared both ways ⇆ both ways, different disposition each way → one direction only
-
侭儘尽盡
Source Direction Target Disposition Ref Comment 侭 U+4FAD ↔ 儘 U+5118 blocked 300 侭 U+4FAD ↔ 尽 U+5C3D blocked 300 侭 U+4FAD ↔ 盡 U+76E1 blocked 300 儘 U+5118 ↔ 尽 U+5C3D blocked 300 儘 U+5118 ↔ 盡 U+76E1 blocked 300 尽 U+5C3D ↔ 盡 U+76E1 blocked 300 ↔ declared both ways ⇆ both ways, different disposition each way → one direction only
-
剣劍劒劔
Source Direction Target Disposition Ref Comment 剣 U+5263 ↔ 劍 U+528D blocked 300 剣 U+5263 ↔ 劒 U+5292 blocked 300 剣 U+5263 ↔ 劔 U+5294 blocked 300 劍 U+528D ↔ 劒 U+5292 blocked 300 劍 U+528D ↔ 劔 U+5294 blocked 300 劒 U+5292 ↔ 劔 U+5294 blocked 300 ↔ declared both ways ⇆ both ways, different disposition each way → one direction only
-
囘回廻迴
Source Direction Target Disposition Ref Comment 囘 U+56D8 ↔ 回 U+56DE blocked 300 囘 U+56D8 ↔ 廻 U+5EFB blocked 300 囘 U+56D8 ↔ 迴 U+8FF4 blocked 300 回 U+56DE ↔ 廻 U+5EFB blocked 300 回 U+56DE ↔ 迴 U+8FF4 blocked 300 廻 U+5EFB ↔ 迴 U+8FF4 blocked 300 ↔ declared both ways ⇆ both ways, different disposition each way → one direction only
Rules
Conditions evaluated against a whole label, or against the context around a
single code point. The notation borrows from regular expressions:
^ and $ anchor to the start and end of a label,
. matches any code point, (?= ) and
(?<= ) look ahead and behind, and * and
+ repeat. Two symbols are specific to rulesets:
◆ is the code point being tested, and
⟨name⟩ refers to another rule.
leading-combining-mark MSR default
Default WLE rule matching labels with leading combining marks
^ ({gc:Mn} ∪ {gc:Mc})
Structure
-
^start -
({gc:Mn} ∪ {gc:Mc})union-
{gc:Mn}class -
{gc:Mc}class
-
Referenced by 1 definition
- action 1 (invalid)
at-start-of-label
No small kana, iteration mark or prolonged sound mark may start a label
(?<= ^ ) ◆
Structure
-
(?<= ^ )look-behind-
^start
-
-
◆anchor
Referenced by 28 definitions
- negative context of U+3005
- negative context of U+3041
- negative context of U+3043
- negative context of U+3045
- negative context of U+3047
- negative context of U+3049
- negative context of U+3063
- negative context of U+3083
- negative context of U+3085
- negative context of U+3087
- negative context of U+308E
- negative context of U+309D
repeated-mark
Iteration marks or prolonged sound marks may not be repeated, follow each other or, except for the ideographic iteration mark, follow a closing mark
( ( {tag closing-mark} ( {tag iteration-mark} │ {tag prolonged-sound} ) ) │ ( {tag ideographic-iteration} │ {tag iteration-mark} │ {tag prolonged-sound} ){2,} )
Structure
-
( ( {tag closing-mark} ( {tag iteration-mark} │ {tag prolonged-sound} ) ) │ ( {tag ideographic-iteration} │ {tag iteration-mark} │ {tag prolonged-sound} ){2,} )choice-
{tag closing-mark} ( {tag iteration-mark} │ {tag prolonged-sound} )rule-
{tag closing-mark}class -
( {tag iteration-mark} │ {tag prolonged-sound} )choice-
{tag iteration-mark}class -
{tag prolonged-sound}class
-
-
-
( {tag ideographic-iteration} │ {tag iteration-mark} │ {tag prolonged-sound} ){2,}choice-
{tag ideographic-iteration}class -
{tag iteration-mark}class -
{tag prolonged-sound}class
-
-
Referenced by 1 definition
- action 3 (invalid)
Actions
Actions are evaluated in the order shown. The first action whose conditions match determines the disposition of the label.
| # | Disposition | Conditions |
|---|---|---|
| 1 |
invalid
|
label matches leading-combining-mark labels with leading combining marks are invalid MSR default |
| 2 |
invalid
|
any variant is out-of-repertoire-var any variant label with a code point out of repertoire is invalid MSR default |
| 3 |
invalid
|
label matches repeated-mark iteration marks or prolonged sound mark may not be repeated, or follow closing mark |
| 4 |
blocked
|
any variant is blocked any variant label containing blocked variants is blocked MSR default |
| 5 |
allocatable
|
all variants are allocatable variant labels with all variants allocatable are allocatable MSR default |
| 6 |
valid
|
any label default catch all (default action) MSR default |